Lee Cheol Min, Park Jin Wook, Kwon Tae-Sung, Kim Sung-Soo, Ryu Jae Won, Jung Seung Jae, Lee Sun Kyung
Division of Forest Ecology, Korea Forest Research Institute, 57 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-712, Republic of Korea.
Department of Landscape Architecture, Catholic University of Daegu, 13-13 Hayang-ro, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Daegu 712-702, Republic of Korea.
Zool Stud. 2015 Jan 3;54:e4. doi: 10.1186/s40555-014-0090-7. eCollection 2015.
Urbanization is one of the leading causes of habitat loss, habitat degradation, and fragmentation. Urban development negatively affects biodiversity. We clarified changes in butterfly communities due to urbanization in urban green areas.
Intotal, 59 species and 1,465 individuals of butterflies were observed in the four urban green areas -Namsan Park(NS), Ewha Womans University (EW), Bukseoul Dream Forest (BD), and Hongneung Forest (HF) -anda natural forest, Gwangneung Forest (GF). The categories of land use around the study sites were determined based on GIS data. Species richness and density of niche breadth and habitat type in the four urban green areas differed mostly from those in GF. Estimated species richness and species diversity (')in the four urban green areas were significantly lower than those in GF. Species richness and density of forest interior species and specialist species were positively correlated with paddy, field, and forest, whereas those of forest interior species and specialists were negatively correlated with urban area and road. Species composition and community structure of butterflies in the four urban were differed from those in GF.
Theseresults suggest that decreases in paddy, field, and forest associated with the increased urban area and road negatively influenced species composition and changed butterfly communities.
城市化是栖息地丧失、栖息地退化和破碎化的主要原因之一。城市发展对生物多样性产生负面影响。我们阐明了城市绿地中城市化导致的蝴蝶群落变化。
在南山公园（NS）、梨花女子大学（EW）、首尔北部梦想森林（BD）、弘益森林（HF）这四个城市绿地以及一个天然林——光陵森林（GF）中，共观察到59种蝴蝶，个体数量达1465只。根据地理信息系统（GIS）数据确定了研究地点周边的土地利用类别。四个城市绿地的物种丰富度、生态位宽度密度和栖息地类型大多与光陵森林不同。四个城市绿地的估计物种丰富度和物种多样性（）显著低于光陵森林。森林内部物种和 specialist 物种的物种丰富度和密度与稻田、农田和森林呈正相关，而森林内部物种和 specialist 物种的物种丰富度和密度与城市区域和道路呈负相关。四个城市中蝴蝶的物种组成和群落结构与光陵森林不同。
这些结果表明，与城市区域和道路增加相关的稻田、农田和森林面积减少对物种组成产生了负面影响，并改变了蝴蝶群落。
