Fang Wenqiang, Lin Xiaoqian, Lin Ying, Huang Shanjun, Huang Jingkai, Fan Shiyuan, Ran Chengyu, Dang Emily, Lin Yuxin, Fu Weicong
College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Rd., Fuzhou 350000, China.
Engineering Research Center for Forest Park of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 15 Shangxiadian Rd., Fuzhou 350002, China.
Insects. 2023 Oct 31;14(11):851. doi: 10.3390/insects14110851.
Urbanization has been shown to cause biodiversity loss. However, its effects on butterfly taxonomic and functional diversity still need to be studied, especially in urban waterfront green spaces where mechanisms of impact still need to be explored. We used butterflies as indicators to study how urbanization affects their taxonomic and functional diversity and identify indicator species in different urban ecological gradient areas. From July to September 2022, we surveyed 10 urban waterfront green spaces in Fuzhou City, China. We recorded 1163 butterflies of 28 species from 6 families. First, we explored the effects of urbanization on butterfly communities and made pairwise comparisons of different urban ecological gradients (α-diversity); secondly, we looked for differences between butterfly communities across urban ecological gradients (β-diversity); finally, we investigated differences in the response of butterfly functional groups to different urban ecological gradient areas and identified ecological indicative species. This study found the following: (1) Urbanization has led to the simplification of butterfly community structure, but there are also favorable factors that support the survival of individual butterflies; (2) Urbanization has led to significant differences in butterfly communities and plant-feeding polyphagous butterfly groups; (3) Urbanization has led to differences in the functional diversity of butterfly diet and activity space groups; (4) We identified five eco-indicator species in different urban ecological gradients.
城市化已被证明会导致生物多样性丧失。然而，其对蝴蝶分类学和功能多样性的影响仍有待研究，尤其是在城市滨水绿地，其影响机制仍需探索。我们以蝴蝶为指标，研究城市化如何影响其分类学和功能多样性，并识别不同城市生态梯度区域的指示物种。2022年7月至9月，我们对中国福州市的10个城市滨水绿地进行了调查。我们记录了来自6科28种的1163只蝴蝶。首先，我们探讨了城市化对蝴蝶群落的影响，并对不同城市生态梯度进行了两两比较（α多样性）；其次，我们寻找了不同城市生态梯度间蝴蝶群落的差异（β多样性）；最后，我们调查了蝴蝶功能群对不同城市生态梯度区域反应的差异，并识别了生态指示物种。本研究发现如下：（1）城市化导致蝴蝶群落结构简化，但也存在支持个体蝴蝶生存的有利因素；（2）城市化导致蝴蝶群落和多食性植食性蝴蝶类群存在显著差异；（3）城市化导致蝴蝶食性和活动空间类群的功能多样性存在差异；（4）我们在不同城市生态梯度中识别出了5种生态指示物种。
