Coledam D H C
Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo, Boituva, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2019 Dec 20;60(4):E354-E360. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2019.60.4.1265. eCollection 2019 Dec.
The health benefits of physical activity in all ages are widely known, however the effects of early physical activity on future health are not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to analyze the cross-sectional associations between previous and current physical activity with overweight among adults.
A probabilistic sample of 534 teachers was included in the study. Independent variables were physical activity in childhood, adolescence, and current, and clustering of the variables, all analyzed using a self-report questionnaire. The dependent variable was overweight, estimated by the body mass index, assessed using self-report measures of weight and height. Covariates were sex, age, skin color, income, sedentary behavior, medication use for weight control, and nutritionist counseling. Poisson regression was adopted to estimate Prevalence Ratios (PR) in the multivariate analysis.
Physical activity at ages 6-10 (PR = 1.03 to 1.13), 12-14 (PR = 0.96 to 0.98), and 15-17 (PR = 0.76 to 0.90) years was not associated with overweight. Participants who do not meet the recommendation of current physical activity have a higher likelihood of being overweight (PR = 1.55 to 2.17) and the magnitude of the association increased when analyzing those who were not physically active through all periods analyzed (PR = 3.69 to 4.69).
Performing physical activity only in early life does not seem to promote health benefits in the sample analyzed. Although current physical activity is associated with the outcome, the promotion of both early and current physical activity seems to be a better strategy to prevent overweight among adults.
体育活动对所有年龄段人群的健康益处广为人知，然而早期体育活动对未来健康的影响尚未完全明确。本研究旨在分析成年人既往及当前体育活动与超重之间的横断面关联。
本研究纳入了534名教师的概率样本。自变量为童年期、青春期及当前的体育活动，以及这些变量的聚类情况，均通过自填问卷进行分析。因变量为超重，通过体重指数进行估算，体重和身高采用自填式测量方法进行评估。协变量包括性别、年龄、肤色、收入、久坐行为、用于控制体重的药物使用情况以及营养师咨询。多变量分析采用泊松回归来估计患病率比（PR）。
6至10岁（PR = 1.03至1.13）、12至14岁（PR = 0.96至0.98）以及15至17岁（PR = 0.76至0.90）的体育活动与超重无关。未达到当前体育活动建议标准的参与者超重的可能性更高（PR = 1.55至2.17），并且在分析所有时间段均未进行体育活动的人群时，关联强度有所增加（PR = 3.69至4.69）。
仅在生命早期进行体育活动似乎并未在所分析的样本中带来健康益处。尽管当前的体育活动与研究结果相关，但促进早期和当前的体育活动似乎是预防成年人超重的更好策略。
