Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
International Wool Research Institute, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Jan 22;11(2):121. doi: 10.3390/genes11020121.
The keratin-associated proteins (KAPs) are constituents of cashmere fibers and variation in many KAP genes () has been found to be associated with fiber traits. The gene encoding the high-sulphur KAP28-1 has been described in sheep, but it has not been identified in the goat genome. In this study, a 255-bp open reading frame on goat chromosome 1 was identified using a search of similar sequence to ovine , and that would if transcribed and translated encode a high sulphur KAP. Based on the analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons for the goat nucleotide sequences in 385 Longdong cashmere goats in China, five unique banding patterns were detected using single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP). These represented five DNA sequences (named variants to ) and they had the highest resemblance to sequences from sheep, suggesting - are variants of caprine . DNA sequencing revealed a 2 or 4-bp deletion and eleven nucleotide sequence differences, including four non-synonymous substitutions. Of the four common variants (, , and ) found in these goats, the presence of variant was associated with decreased mean fiber diameter and this effect appeared to be additive. These results indicate that caprine variation might have value as a molecular marker for reducing cashmere mean fiber diameter.
角蛋白相关蛋白（KAPs）是羊绒纤维的组成部分，许多 KAP 基因的变异与纤维特性有关。编码富含硫的 KAP28-1 的基因在绵羊中已有描述，但在山羊基因组中尚未被识别。在这项研究中，通过搜索类似的绵羊序列，在山羊 1 号染色体上发现了一个 255 个碱基对的开放阅读框，如果转录和翻译，该序列将编码一种富含硫的 KAP。基于对中国 385 只陇东羊绒山羊的核苷酸序列进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增分析，使用单链构象多态性（SSCP）检测到了 5 种独特的带型模式。这些代表了 5 种 DNA 序列（分别命名为变体 到 ），它们与绵羊的 序列最为相似，表明 是山羊 的变体。DNA 测序显示存在 2 或 4 个碱基对缺失和 11 个核苷酸序列差异，包括 4 个非同义替换。在这些山羊中发现的 4 个常见变体（ 、 、 和 ）中，变体 的存在与平均纤维直径减小有关，这种效应似乎是累加的。这些结果表明，山羊 的变异可能作为降低羊绒平均纤维直径的分子标记具有价值。
