Winston Linda A
Department of Psychology and Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Primatol. 1985;9(4):243-257. doi: 10.1002/ajp.1350090402.
When rhesus monkeys are observed in social groups during the breeding season, increases in interfemale aggression coincide with midcycle increases in sexual activity between males and females. However, some investigators have suggested that both aggressive and affiliative interactions between females are influenced by the presence or absence of males, irrespective of menstrual cycle stage. In the present study, social interactions among members of a captive group of rhesus females were measured during the non-breeding season in response to the introduction of rhesus males. Ovariectomized rhesus females (estrogen-treated or untreated) served as stimulus controls. Tests with males were characterized by significantly decreased interfemale proximity and grooming and significantly increased aggression from that seen in tests with stimulus females or in the absence of stimulus animals. Only interfemale proximity declined significantly during stimulus female tests, but results suggest that this may merely reflect a decline in this behavior that occurs across the course of the day. Estrogen treatment did not alter either the aggressive or affiliative behavior of stimulus females or group female response to stimulus females. The possibility is discussed that changes in interfemale interactions during tests with males reflect female interest in interacting with the male, particularly under social conditions that may limit such interactions.
在繁殖季节对恒河猴群体进行观察时，雌性间攻击行为的增加与雌雄间性活动在发情周期中期的增加同时出现。然而，一些研究人员认为，无论处于月经周期的哪个阶段，雌性之间的攻击性行为和亲和互动都会受到雄性在场或不在场的影响。在本研究中，在非繁殖季节，对一群圈养的恒河猴雌性成员之间的社交互动进行了测量，以应对恒河猴雄性的引入。切除卵巢的恒河猴雌性（接受或未接受雌激素治疗）作为刺激对照组。与雄性进行测试时的特点是，雌性之间的接近程度和梳理行为显著减少，攻击行为比与刺激雌性进行测试时或没有刺激动物时显著增加。在刺激雌性测试期间，只有雌性之间的接近程度显著下降，但结果表明，这可能仅仅反映了这种行为在一天中出现的下降。雌激素治疗并没有改变刺激雌性的攻击行为或亲和行为，也没有改变群体中雌性对刺激雌性的反应。讨论了在与雄性进行测试时雌性间互动变化反映雌性与雄性互动兴趣的可能性，特别是在可能限制这种互动的社会条件下。
