Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
Trends Plant Sci. 2020 May;25(5):488-500. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.12.011. Epub 2020 Jan 21.
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the most important natural fiber crop worldwide. The diversity of Gossypium species also provides an ideal model for investigating evolution and domestication of polyploids. However, the huge and complex cotton genome hinders genomic research. Technical advances in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis have now largely overcome these obstacles, bringing about a new era of cotton genomics. Here, we review recent progress in Gossypium genomics based on whole genome sequencing, resequencing, and comparative genomics, which have provided insights about the genomic basis of fiber biogenesis and the landscape of cotton functional genomics. We address current challenges and present multidisciplinary genomics-enabled breeding strategies covering the breadth of high fiber yield, quality, and environmental resilience for future cotton breeding programs.
棉花（棉属植物）是世界上最重要的天然纤维作物。棉属植物的多样性也为研究多倍体的进化和驯化提供了理想的模型。然而，庞大而复杂的棉花基因组阻碍了基因组研究。高通量测序和生物信息学分析技术的进步现在在很大程度上克服了这些障碍，带来了棉花基因组学的新时代。在这里，我们基于全基因组测序、重测序和比较基因组学，综述了棉属植物基因组学的最新进展，这些进展为纤维生物发生的基因组基础和棉花功能基因组学的全貌提供了见解。我们解决了当前的挑战，并提出了多学科的基因组学辅助育种策略，涵盖了未来棉花育种计划中高产纤维、优质和环境恢复力的广泛内容。
