Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Clin Chim Acta. 2020 Apr;503:128-135. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.01.015. Epub 2020 Jan 22.
Dyslipidemia, characterized by increased plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and reduced plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), is confirmed as a hallmark of obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), posing serious risks to the future health of humans. Thus, it is important to understand the molecular metabolism of dyslipidemia, which could help reduce the morbidity and mortality of obesity and CVD. Currently, several exchangeable apolipoproteins, such as apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), and apolipoprotein C3 (ApoC3), have been verified to exert vital effects on modulating lipid metabolism and homeostasis both in plasma and in cells, which consequently affect dyslipidemia. In the present review, we summarize the findings of the effect of exchangeable apolipoproteins on affecting lipid metabolism in adipocytes and hepatocytes. Furthermore, we also provide new insights into the mechanisms by which the exchangeable apolipoproteins influence the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia and its related cardio-metabolic disorders.
血脂异常是指血浆中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C）、甘油三酯（TG）水平升高，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平降低，这已被证实是肥胖和心血管疾病（CVD）的标志，对人类未来的健康构成严重威胁。因此，了解血脂异常的分子代谢对于降低肥胖和 CVD 的发病率和死亡率非常重要。目前，已经有几种可交换的载脂蛋白，如载脂蛋白 A1（ApoA1）、载脂蛋白 A5（ApoA5）、载脂蛋白 E（ApoE）和载脂蛋白 C3（ApoC3），被证实对调节血浆和细胞中的脂质代谢和平衡具有重要作用，从而影响血脂异常。在本综述中，我们总结了可交换载脂蛋白对脂肪细胞和肝细胞脂质代谢的影响。此外，我们还提供了新的见解，阐明了可交换载脂蛋白影响血脂异常及其相关心血管代谢疾病发病机制的机制。
