U.G.C. Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, C/ Dr. Fedriani, n° 3, CP: 41009, Sevilla, España.
U.G.C. Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CIBERSAM/IBIS/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Hospitalización de Salud Mental, Avenida Manuel Siurot, s/n, CP: 41013, Sevilla, España.
Psychiatry Res. 2020 Feb;284:112776. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112776. Epub 2020 Jan 9.
Jumping to conclusions (JTC) has been questioned as sufficient cognitive bias for the onset, maintenance, and severity of delusions compared to the bias of inflexibility of beliefs. The WIT (What is this?) test was designed to evaluate JTC and its capacity for classifying participants into a group of patients with active schizophrenia and a comparison group. It was also attempted to determine whether the presence/absence of answer choices, considered a measure of induced inflexibility of beliefs, influences decision-making and is related to the tendency to repeat the first decision, or spontaneous inflexibility of beliefs. The sample was made up of 160 participants, 80 patients with schizophrenia diagnosed at hospital admission and 80 healthy controls. The Beads Task and the WIT test were administered. The WIT classified the participants reasonably well (82.7%) compared to the Beads Task (86.3%). The presence of answer choices favored JTC (d = 0.33), decreasing the number of lines necessary to make a decision (d = 1.78), and influencing keeping to the original answer (d = 1.36), in interaction with the group (d = 0.42). The WIT test overcame some limitations of the Beads Task. The presence/absence of answer choices influenced decision-making and how thinking was flexibilized, more clearly in the case of controls.
跳结论（JTC）已被质疑为足够的认知偏差，可导致妄想的发生、维持和严重程度，与信念的不灵活性偏差相比。WIT（这是什么？）测试旨在评估 JTC 及其将参与者分为活跃精神分裂症患者组和对照组的能力。还试图确定是否存在/不存在答案选择，被认为是信念不灵活性的衡量标准，是否会影响决策并与重复第一个决策的趋势或自发的信念不灵活性相关。该样本由 160 名参与者组成，其中 80 名是在入院时被诊断为精神分裂症的患者，80 名是健康对照者。进行了珠子任务和 WIT 测试。与珠子任务（86.3%）相比，WIT 对参与者的分类相当准确（82.7%）。答案选择的存在有利于 JTC（d=0.33），减少了做出决策所需的行数（d=1.78），并影响了对原始答案的坚持（d=1.36），这与组之间存在相互作用（d=0.42）。WIT 测试克服了珠子任务的一些局限性。答案选择的存在/不存在影响决策和思维的灵活性，在对照组中更为明显。
