在使用鱼类任务评估精神病患者 JTC 偏倚时存在的问题：一项随机对照试验基线评估的二次分析。
Problems in measuring the JTC-bias in patients with psychotic disorders with the fish task: a secondary analysis of a baseline assessment of a randomized controlled trial.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (MCMBB), Philipps-University, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039, Marburg, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2020 Nov 23;20(1):554. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02959-5.
BACKGROUND
The jumping to conclusions bias (JTC) is considered to be an important causal factor in theoretical models for the formation and maintenance of delusions. However, recent meta-analytic findings show a rather equivocal pattern of results regarding associations between JTC and delusions. Thus, the present study aims to investigate in a large sample whether the JTC-bias is more pronounced in patients with psychotic disorders in comparison to controls and whether the JTC bias is associated with a more severe delusional conviction, persecutory delusions, and positive symptoms in general.
METHODS
Patients with psychotic disorders (n = 300) enrolled in a therapy trial and healthy controls (n = 51) conducted a variant of the beads task (fish task) as a measure for the JTC-bias at the start of the trial. Further, clinical interviews were used to assess patients' delusional severity and delusional conviction.
RESULTS
There were no statistically significant differences between patients with psychotic disorders (with 53% displaying the JTC-bias) and controls (41%). Furthermore, there were no statistically significant correlations between JTC measures and persecutory delusions, delusional conviction, and positive symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
We found no differences in JTC between patients with psychotic disorders and healthy controls, which is in part in line with meta-analytic findings using a wide range of JTC task variants. Interestingly, patients with psychotic disorders displayed JTC rates commonly found in the literature, while healthy control subjects showed an unexpectedly high level of JTC. The task variant we used in the present study (fish task) is discussed as a potential reason for our results, as it may induce a more deliberative reasoning style in controls as compared to the traditional beads task. Furthermore, possible implications for the measurement of the JTC-bias, in general, are discussed.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ISRCTN29242879 ( isrctn.com ), date of registration: April 12th 2006, retrospectively registered.
背景
跳跃结论偏差（JTC）被认为是理论模型中形成和维持妄想的重要因果因素。然而，最近的荟萃分析结果表明，JTC 与妄想之间的关联存在相当矛盾的结果模式。因此，本研究旨在通过大样本调查，确定在精神病患者中 JTC 偏差是否比对照组更明显，以及 JTC 偏差是否与更严重的妄想信念、被害妄想和一般阳性症状相关。
方法
参加治疗试验的精神病患者（n=300）和健康对照者（n=51）在试验开始时进行了珠子任务（鱼任务）变体，以衡量 JTC 偏差。此外，通过临床访谈评估患者的妄想严重程度和妄想信念。
结果
精神病患者（53%表现出 JTC 偏差）和对照组之间没有统计学上的显著差异。此外，JTC 测量值与被害妄想、妄想信念和阳性症状之间没有统计学上的显著相关性。
结论
我们发现精神病患者和健康对照组之间的 JTC 没有差异，这在一定程度上与使用广泛的 JTC 任务变体的荟萃分析结果一致。有趣的是，精神病患者表现出 JTC 率与文献中常见的水平相当，而健康对照组则表现出出乎意料的高水平 JTC。我们在本研究中使用的任务变体（鱼任务）被认为是我们结果的一个潜在原因，因为与传统的珠子任务相比，它可能会在对照组中诱导出更深思熟虑的推理风格。此外，还讨论了一般情况下 JTC 偏差测量的可能影响。
试验注册
ISRCTN29242879（isrctn.com），注册日期：2006 年 4 月 12 日，回溯性注册。
Zotero 插件