Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA.
Office of Compliance (OC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 Mar;137:111137. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111137. Epub 2020 Jan 23.
Skin contact or exposure to sensitizers often occurs as a consequence of occupational exposures (e.g. poison ivy in forestry), wearing jewelry (e.g. nickel), or use of cosmetics (e.g. fragrances). However, many of the known skin sensitizers or their chemical variants are also consumed orally through foods or other sources. Since oral exposure to antigenic substances can lead to tolerance, consumption of sensitizers may impact the development and potency of skin sensitization, especially if the sensitizer is consumed early in life, prior to the first skin contact. To address this issue, we have reviewed human clinical and epidemiological literature relevant to this subject and evaluated whether early oral exposures to relevant sensitizers, or their chemical variants, are associated with reduced prevalence of skin sensitization to three main allergic sensitizers - nickel, urushiols of poison ivy, and sesquiterpene lactones of chrysanthemum and other plants.
皮肤接触或暴露于敏化剂通常是职业暴露（例如林业中的毒葛）、佩戴珠宝（例如镍）或使用化妆品（例如香料）的结果。然而，许多已知的敏化剂或其化学变体也通过食物或其他来源被口服摄入。由于口服接触抗原物质可能导致耐受，敏化剂的摄入可能会影响皮肤敏化的发展和效力，特别是如果敏化剂在生命早期、首次皮肤接触之前摄入。为了解决这个问题，我们回顾了与这一主题相关的人类临床和流行病学文献，并评估了早期口服摄入相关敏化剂或其化学变体是否与三种主要过敏原——镍、毒葛的漆酚、菊花和其他植物的倍半萜内酯的皮肤过敏发生率降低有关。
