Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China.
Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Apr 20;714:136305. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136305. Epub 2019 Dec 26.
The PM were sampled in three different urban environments: (city of) Chengdu, Leshan, and Dazhou, which are located in Sichuan Basin. 8 types of water-soluble ion and 25 types of metal element were measured in each PM sample across the seasons of 2017. The study results suggest that the joint PM pollution among the three cities mainly occurred in autumn and winter, and the air quality of Chengdu and Leshan was largely affected by Dazhou. Overall, the mass concentrations of PM of these three cities exhibited no statistically significant differences. However, Leshan had the highest level of ionic pollution, and the dominant form of inorganic compound in ambient PM was NHNO, and a competitive relationship between form of NHNO and (NH)SO (NHHSO) was found as well. High homology between SO and NO has been observed in all the three cities, and the ratio between [SO] and [NO] indicated that the stationary source contributed the most to ambient PM in Dazhou. The mass concentrations of the total metal elements from the three cities exhibited similar levels, nevertheless, Dazhou had the highest mass fraction of total metal elements in PM. The enrichment factor of each element indicated that the natural source was highly contributory to the crustal elements in PM of all the three cities, whereas Cr, Cu, Se, Mo, Cd, Tl and Bi were primarily originated from anthropogenic source. In addition, the source apportionment of PM suggest that Dazhou had the different factors and factor-contributions comparing with Chengdu and Leshan.
采集了三个不同城市环境（城市）的 PM：成都、乐山和达州，它们都位于四川盆地。2017 年，在每个 PM 样本的季节中，测量了 8 种水溶性离子和 25 种金属元素。研究结果表明，这三个城市之间的 PM 联合污染主要发生在秋冬季节，成都和乐山的空气质量受到达州的影响较大。总的来说，这三个城市的 PM 质量浓度没有统计学上的显著差异。然而，乐山的离子污染水平最高，环境 PM 中无机化合物的主要形式是 NHNO，并且发现 NHNO 和（NH）SO（NHHSO）之间存在竞争关系。在所有三个城市中都观察到 SO 和 NO 之间具有很高的同源性，并且[SO]和[NO]之间的比例表明，在达州，固定污染源对环境 PM 的贡献最大。三个城市的总金属元素的质量浓度表现出相似的水平，但达州的 PM 中总金属元素的质量分数最高。每个元素的富集因子表明，天然来源对所有三个城市的 PM 中地壳元素的贡献很高，而 Cr、Cu、Se、Mo、Cd、Tl 和 Bi 主要来自人为源。此外，PM 的源分配表明，与成都和乐山相比，达州有不同的因素和因素贡献。
