State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100871, China.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100871, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Apr 20;714:136799. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136799. Epub 2020 Jan 18.
The application of anammox process in mainstream wastewater treatment process is still facing challenges especially at the low temperature. To resolve this problem, the coexistence system of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) and heterotrophic bacteria (HB) was built in this study. The nitrogen removal efficiency mainly maintained at above 90% during the process of temperature reducing from 35 °C to 10 °C. The nitrogen removal rate were 0.30 g N·L·d at both 25 and 15 °C and 0.10 g N·L·d at 10 °C, respectively. Analysis of 16S rRNA genus sequencing revealed that as the temperature reduced to 10 °C, the Denutrotisoma genera presented a downward trend but Comamonadaceae genera showed an upward trend. At 10 °C, the contrast of anammox activities between granular and flocculent sludge in the system revealed that although the abundance of anammox genera was much lower in flocculent sludge than that in granular sludge, the anammox activities showed no significant discrepancy. And the abundance of Comamonadaceae and Chloroflexales genera were much higher in flocculent sludge than those in granular sludge, presenting their key roles to anammox activity at low temperature. The Circos diagram and Cluster of orthologous Group of protein functional predication showed that the functional abundance related to interaction among microbial communities were higher in flocculent sludge but those related to self-growth was higher in granular sludge. This result indicated the significance of the interactions based on the microbial diversity in the application of annamox process at low temperature.
该好氧颗粒污泥系统在低温条件下（10°C），仍具有高效的脱氮性能，在 25°C、15°C 和 10°C 时，氨氮容积负荷分别可达 0.30、0.25 和 0.10gN·L·d。
16S rRNA 基因测序结果分析表明，随着温度降低至 10°C，脱氮硫杆菌属丰度呈下降趋势，而食酸菌科丰度呈上升趋势。10°C 时，系统中好氧颗粒污泥与絮体污泥的厌氧氨氧化活性对比表明，虽然絮体污泥中厌氧氨氧化菌属的丰度明显低于颗粒污泥，但活性无显著差异。同时，食酸菌科和绿弯菌门的丰度在絮体污泥中显著高于颗粒污泥，表明它们在低温下对厌氧氨氧化活性具有关键作用。
Circos 图和蛋白功能预测聚类分析结果表明，絮体污泥中与微生物群落相互作用相关的功能丰度较高，而颗粒污泥中与自身生长相关的功能丰度较高。该结果表明，在低温条件下应用厌氧氨氧化工艺时，微生物多样性基础上的相互作用具有重要意义。
