The National Institute for the Rehabilitation of the Brain Injured, Recanati Rehabilitation Center, 89 Itzhak Sadeh St. Tel Aviv 6722820, Israel.
Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2020 Jan;26(1):130-141. doi: 10.1017/S1355617719001024.
We examined the long-term maintenance of treatment outcomes in patients with acquired brain injuries who participated in community-based neuropsychological rehabilitation (NR) programs, in a prospective, within-subject, longitudinal, partial double-blind cohort study.
One hundred forty-three patients (39 females, mean age 33.5 years) who had experienced a brain injury (BI) (mean time since injury 3.95 years) were referred to a postacute community-based NR institute. Patients participated in one of the three programs aimed at improving their functional outcome: comprehensive-holistic neuropsychological rehabilitation, vocational-focused neuropsychological rehabilitation, and individual neuropsychological rehabilitation. Self-reported data regarding employment, community integration, perceived quality of life (PQoL), and mood were collected at program start and end, and annually for 3 years post program completion. Group placement was based on clinical considerations, such that the study did not aim to compare the programs, but rather to assess their long-term benefits.
Employment status and stability, community integration, and PQoL improved significantly after program completion and continued to improve for the following 3 years. The proportion of individuals with mood disturbances did not change during or after the programs.
A clear consensus regarding BI rehabilitation is that long-term maintenance of treatment outcomes is imperative to its efficacy. Our findings suggest that postacute NR programs provide participants with various tools, skills, and psychological perspectives that they continue to gain from and generalize to real life after program completion, reflecting transformational processes with stable long-term benefits.
我们通过前瞻性、自身对照、纵向、部分双盲队列研究，考察了参加基于社区的神经心理康复（NR）项目的后天性脑损伤患者的治疗结果的长期维持情况。
143 名患者（39 名女性，平均年龄 33.5 岁）患有脑损伤（BI）（平均受伤后时间 3.95 年），他们被转介到一个急性后期的基于社区的 NR 研究所。患者参加了旨在改善其功能结果的三个项目之一：综合整体神经心理康复、职业为重点的神经心理康复和个体神经心理康复。在项目开始和结束时以及在项目完成后的 3 年内，每年收集关于就业、社区融入、感知生活质量（PQoL）和情绪的自我报告数据。分组是基于临床考虑，因此该研究并非旨在比较这些项目，而是评估它们的长期效益。
就业状况和稳定性、社区融入以及 PQoL 在项目完成后显著改善，并在接下来的 3 年内继续改善。在项目期间和之后，有情绪障碍的个体比例没有变化。
对于 BI 康复有一个明确的共识，即治疗结果的长期维持对其疗效至关重要。我们的研究结果表明，急性后期 NR 项目为参与者提供了各种工具、技能和心理视角，他们在项目完成后继续从中受益并将其推广到现实生活中，反映出具有稳定长期效益的变革性过程。
