Yakovlev E Yu, Malov A I, Druzhinin S V, Zykova E N, Orlov A S
N. Laverov Federal Centre for Integrated Arctic Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, 109 Severnoj Dviny Emb., Arkhangelsk, 163000, Russia.
N. Laverov Federal Centre for Integrated Arctic Research of Russian Academy of Sciences, 109 Severnoj Dviny Emb., Arkhangelsk, 163000, Russia.
J Environ Radioact. 2020 Mar;213:106142. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106142. Epub 2019 Dec 27.
The article is devoted to the study of the activity of the natural radionuclides K, Th, Ra and technogenic Cs radionuclide in the river sediments of watercourses around the Lomonosov diamond deposit (northwestern Russia). This is the only large diamond mining and beneficiation complex in Europe. Samples of river sediments and surface waters were taken from the Zolotitsa River and its tributaries in the area of the diamond deposit. Samples of rocks were taken from quarries. Samples of kimberlites used for enrichment and rocks entering the dumps were selected. Measurements of the activity of radionuclides in bottom sediments and rocks were conducted using the low-background semiconductor gamma spectrometry method. For measurements, a detector from high-purity germanium was used. The study of uranium isotopes in bottom sediments and waters was conducted using the alpha spectrometry method. The average activity of Cs, Ra, Th and K were 5.4, 9.0, 11.2, 318.8 Bq·kg respectively. The impact of the development of the field on the change in the radioecological state of the bottom sediments was evaluated. Several patterns of radionuclide accumulation have been found depending on the physicochemical parameters of river sediments. These patterns are due to the technogenic influence of the mining and beneficiation complex. The performed studies present the first evaluation of the impact of diamond mining on natural radionuclides' distribution and accumulation in the river sediments within the adjacent territories.
本文致力于研究罗蒙诺索夫钻石矿床（俄罗斯西北部）周边河道河底沉积物中天然放射性核素钾、钍、镭以及人为产生的铯放射性核素的活度。这是欧洲唯一的大型钻石开采与选矿综合体。河底沉积物和地表水样本取自钻石矿床区域内的佐洛季察河及其支流。岩石样本取自采石场。选取了用于富集的金伯利岩样本以及进入排土场的岩石样本。采用低本底半导体伽马能谱法对底泥和岩石中的放射性核素活度进行测量。测量时使用了高纯锗探测器。采用α能谱法对底泥和水体中的铀同位素进行研究。铯、镭、钍和钾的平均活度分别为5.4、9.0、11.2、318.8 Bq·kg。评估了该矿区开发对底泥放射性生态状态变化的影响。根据河底沉积物的物理化学参数，发现了几种放射性核素积累模式。这些模式是由开采与选矿综合体的人为影响造成的。所开展的研究首次评估了钻石开采对相邻区域内河底沉积物中天然放射性核素分布和积累的影响。
