N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 109 Severnoj Dviny Emb, Arkhangelsk, 163000, Russia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Oct;27(28):35392-35415. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09809-7. Epub 2020 Jun 27.
This article is devoted to the study of trace metals in the bottom sediments of watercourses in the area of the developed Lomonosov diamond deposit, which is the largest industrial diamond deposit in Europe. Samples of river sediments were taken from the Zolotitsa River and all its tributaries in the area of the diamond deposit. In addition, samples of kimberlites and rocks were selected from the quarries. It was established that the average concentration of metals in all types of rocks extracted from the quarries was significantly higher than that in river sediments and naturally decreased in the following order: kimberlites (D-C), Vendian enclosing rocks (V) and overlying Quaternary and Carboniferous deposits (Q and C). The results suggest that the mining and beneficiation complex plays a significant role in increasing the metal content in the river sediments, which is reliably recorded by the change in the physicochemical parameters of river sediments due to the anthropogenic impacts. The heavy metal pollution in river sediments in the area of Lomonosov diamond deposits is due to three main factors: (1) the discharge of quarry water into the peatbog-filtration fields and then into the river, (2) erosion of the rock dumps and natural factors and (3) the process by which the products from the weathering of kimberlites are transferred to the riverbed, and this transfer process requires further clarification. The results of this research can provide management references for the pollution control of the diamond mining industrial zone and the prevention of basin environmental risks.
本文致力于研究欧洲最大的工业钻石矿床——罗蒙诺索夫钻石矿床地区河道底部沉积物中的微量元素。从钻石矿床地区的佐洛季察河及其所有支流中采集了河流沉积物样本。此外，还从采石场选择了金伯利岩和岩石样本。结果表明，从采石场开采的所有类型岩石中的金属平均浓度明显高于河流沉积物中的浓度，并且自然地按以下顺序降低：金伯利岩（D-C）、文德纪围岩层（V）和上覆的第四纪和石炭纪沉积物（Q 和 C）。结果表明，采矿和选矿综合体在增加河流沉积物中的金属含量方面发挥了重要作用，这可以通过河流沉积物的物理化学参数因人为影响而发生变化得到可靠记录。罗蒙诺索夫钻石矿床地区河流沉积物中的重金属污染主要归因于三个因素：（1）采石场水排入泥炭沼泽过滤场，然后排入河流，（2）岩屑侵蚀和自然因素，以及（3）金伯利岩风化产物转移到河床的过程，这个转移过程需要进一步澄清。这项研究的结果可为钻石开采工业区的污染控制和流域环境风险预防提供管理参考。
