Department of Clinical Nutrition, Medical Technology Course, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science.
Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science.
Biol Pharm Bull. 2020 Apr 1;43(4):629-638. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00724. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
Sparassis crispa (SC; Japanese name: Hanabiratake) is a mushroom with high β(1-3)-glucan content. We here studied the effects of SC and lactic acid bacteria-fermented SC (SCL) on innate immunity. In in vivo studies using mice, oral administration of SC or SCL enhanced the accumulation of macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells, and C-C chemokine receptor type 2- or phospho-Syk-expressing cells in the jejunum epithelial villi and spleen, with significantly higher cell numbers in the SCL group than in the SC group. In addition, mRNA levels of genes encoding tissue factor (TF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were increased in monocytes/macrophages from the peritoneal cavity of mice orally administered SCL. In in vitro studies using cultured human monocytes, SC and SCL enhanced the expression of gees involved in blood coagulation and inflammation, as well as those encoding various innate immune-related factors, such as TF, TNF-α, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, IL-12β, and IL-17, in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, the expression levels of all these factors in monocytes were significantly higher with SCL treatment than with SC treatment. SCL significantly enhanced the phagocytosis of pH-sensitive fluorescent dye-labeled Escherichia coli by human monocytes compared to SC. The effect of SCL on phagocytosis was significantly reduced to approximately 30% by pre-digestion of SCL with β-glucanase, suggesting that β(1-3)-glucan in SCL is a major contributor to the effect. These data suggest that oral administration of SCL significantly enhances innate immunity in mice and possibly humans.
裂褶菌（SC；日语名：花萆薢）是一种β(1-3)-葡聚糖含量很高的蘑菇。我们在此研究了裂褶菌和经乳酸菌发酵的裂褶菌（SCL）对固有免疫的影响。在使用小鼠的体内研究中，口服给予裂褶菌或 SCL 增强了固有免疫在回肠上皮绒毛和脾脏中的积累，巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、自然杀伤（NK）细胞和 C-C 趋化因子受体 2-或磷酸化 Syk 表达细胞在 SCL 组中的数量明显高于 SC 组。此外，口服给予 SCL 的小鼠腹腔单核细胞/巨噬细胞中组织因子（TF）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α的基因表达水平增加。在体外培养的人类单核细胞中，裂褶菌和 SCL 增强了与凝血和炎症相关的基因的表达，以及编码各种固有免疫相关因子的基因的表达，如 TF、TNF-α、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂（PAI）-1、单核细胞趋化蛋白（MCP）-1、白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-8、IL-12β和 IL-17，呈剂量依赖性。特别是，单核细胞中所有这些因子的表达水平在用 SCL 处理时明显高于用 SC 处理时。SCL 显著增强了人单核细胞对 pH 敏感荧光染料标记的大肠杆菌的吞噬作用，而与 SC 相比。SCL 对吞噬作用的影响在用β-葡聚糖酶预先消化 SCL 后显著降低至约 30%，表明 SCL 中的β(1-3)-葡聚糖是其作用的主要贡献者。这些数据表明，口服给予 SCL 可显著增强小鼠和可能人类的固有免疫。
