Kimball J P, Sansone V J, Diters L A, Wissel P S
Special Studies, Sterling-Winthrop Research Institute, Rensselaer, NY 12144.
Invest Radiol. 1988 Nov;23 Suppl 2:S334-9. doi: 10.1097/00004424-198811002-00005.
The effects of ionic and nonionic radiographic contrast media on human blood in plastic syringes were investigated in an in vitro double-blind study. Venous blood, which was drawn into plastic syringes containing one of four (iohexol, iopamidol, diatrizoate sodium meglumine, and ioxaglate sodium meglumine) contrast media, was visually inspected at predetermined time intervals before and after mixing. Aliquots of the mixtures of blood and contrast media also were evaluated microscopically. Irregular red blood cell (RBC) aggregates were observed with the nonionic contrast media. Pronounced RBC morphologic alterations occurred with diatrizoate (ionic), and marked crenation was observed with ioxaglate (ionic). Observed aggregates were freely disaggregated in isotonic saline. Recovered supernatant blood from centrifuged aliquots of the mixtures was evaluated for clot formation. There was no evidence of blood clot formation within 1 hour after blood was introduced into syringes containing either ionic or nonionic contrast media. This time period exceeded the normal clotting time, since blood in syringes without contrast media formed clots within 30 to 45 minutes. Both the nonionic and ionic contrast media prolonged coagulation.
在一项体外双盲研究中，研究了离子型和非离子型放射造影剂对塑料注射器中人体血液的影响。将静脉血抽入含有四种造影剂（碘海醇、碘帕醇、泛影葡胺钠和碘克沙醇钠）之一的塑料注射器中，在混合前后的预定时间间隔进行肉眼检查。血液与造影剂混合物的等分试样也进行了显微镜评估。使用非离子型造影剂时观察到不规则的红细胞（RBC）聚集体。使用泛影葡胺（离子型）时出现明显的红细胞形态改变，使用碘克沙醇（离子型）时观察到明显的皱缩。观察到的聚集体在等渗盐水中可自由解聚。对混合物离心后回收的上清血液进行凝血形成评估。将血液注入含有离子型或非离子型造影剂的注射器后1小时内，没有血液凝固形成的证据。这段时间超过了正常凝血时间，因为不含造影剂的注射器中的血液在30至45分钟内形成凝块。非离子型和离子型造影剂均延长了凝血时间。
