Hess Stephane, Daly Andrew, Batley Richard
Institute for Transport Studies and Choice Modelling Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Theory Decis. 2018;84(2):181-204. doi: 10.1007/s11238-017-9651-7. Epub 2018 Jan 2.
While the paradigm of utility maximisation has formed the basis of the majority of applications in discrete choice modelling for over 40 years, its core assumptions have been questioned by work in both behavioural economics and mathematical psychology as well as more recently by developments in the RUM-oriented choice modelling community. This paper reviews the basic properties with a view to explaining the historical pre-eminence of utility maximisation and addresses the question of what departures from the paradigm may be necessary or wise in order to accommodate richer behavioural patterns. We find that many, though not all, of the behavioural traits discussed in the literature can be approximated sufficiently closely by a random utility framework, allowing analysts to retain the many advantages that such an approach possesses.
虽然效用最大化范式已成为40多年来离散选择建模中大多数应用的基础，但其核心假设受到了行为经济学、数学心理学领域研究的质疑，最近也受到了面向随机效用模型（RUM）的选择建模群体发展的质疑。本文回顾了基本特性，以解释效用最大化在历史上的卓越地位，并探讨为了适应更丰富的行为模式，有必要或明智地偏离该范式的哪些方面。我们发现，文献中讨论的许多（尽管不是全部）行为特征可以通过随机效用框架得到足够近似的描述，这使分析人员能够保留这种方法所具有的诸多优势。
