Owens Elise S, McPharlin Ferguson W H, Brooks Nathan, Fritzon Katarina
Child Aware Counselling and Psychology Services, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Bond University, School of Psychology, Faculty of Society and Design, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
Psychiatr Psychol Law. 2017 Aug 9;25(1):1-18. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2017.1347936. eCollection 2018.
The current study investigated the relationships between empathy (emotional and cognitive), emotional intelligence, psychopathy, emotional contagion, and non-conscious behavioural mimicry (smiles and hand scratches), using self-report scales and a script-based interview session exhibiting nine non-verbal gestures, on a student sample. Past findings suggest a deficit of emotional but not cognitive empathy in psychopaths. Empirical research on non-conscious behavioural mimicry in psychopathy with reference to emotional intelligence is somewhat scarce; however it was proposed that individuals high in psychopathic traits would show reduced emotional mimicry based on the relation of empathy to mimicry. The study was quasi-experimental, involving individual assessment of 51 participants. Results suggest decreased emotional empathy at high levels of psychopathy and show that emotional intelligence moderates the relationship between psychopathy and non-conscious mimicry (smiles per minute). Social competence might be more predictive of effects of psychopathy on non-conscious mimicry.
本研究使用自我报告量表和一个展示九种非语言手势的基于脚本的访谈环节，对学生样本调查了同理心（情感和认知）、情商、心理变态、情绪感染以及非意识行为模仿（微笑和抓挠手部）之间的关系。过去的研究结果表明，心理变态者存在情感同理心缺陷，但认知同理心不存在缺陷。关于心理变态中与情商相关的非意识行为模仿的实证研究相对较少；然而，基于同理心与模仿的关系，有人提出具有高心理变态特质的个体将表现出较少的情感模仿。该研究为准实验性研究，涉及对51名参与者的个体评估。结果表明，在心理变态程度较高时情感同理心会降低，并且表明情商调节了心理变态与非意识模仿（每分钟微笑次数）之间的关系。社会能力可能更能预测心理变态对非意识模仿的影响。
