Dodier Olivier, Tomas Frédéric
Department of Psychology, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
CLLE-LTC Laboratory, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France.
Psychiatr Psychol Law. 2018 Oct 9;26(3):385-395. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2018.1506716. eCollection 2019.
One of the most debated issues in relation to child sexual abuse (CSA) is whether there should be a limitation period for prosecutions. In 2017 a French ministerial report was released proposing extension of the limitation period in part because of the sometimes long delay between the alleged events and the disclosure of the abuse. For this, the report relied on dissociative amnesia. It also advocated for the development of child victim interview protocols by victim associations. We show that dissociative amnesia is not consensual within the scientific community. Instead, we recommend scientifically reliable cognitive principles to explain the lack of memory. Moreover, interviewing techniques for children have already been designed by memory researchers to enhance recall and report of CSA, from which any uncontrolled deviation might put the child's testimony at risk. We conclude by advocating for the use of evidence-based psychology, and for co-operation between practitioners, judges and researchers.
与儿童性虐待(CSA)相关的最具争议的问题之一是,起诉是否应有追诉时效。2017年,一份法国部长级报告发布,提议延长追诉时效,部分原因是在所称事件与虐待行为披露之间有时会有很长的延迟。为此,该报告依据了分离性遗忘症。它还主张由受害者协会制定儿童受害者访谈方案。我们表明,分离性遗忘症在科学界并未得到一致认可。相反,我们推荐科学可靠的认知原理来解释记忆缺失。此外,记忆研究人员已经设计出了针对儿童的访谈技巧,以增强对儿童性虐待的回忆和报告,任何不受控制的偏差都可能使儿童的证词面临风险。我们最后主张采用循证心理学,并倡导从业者、法官和研究人员之间的合作。