Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, United States of America.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Avenue, 120 EWRE, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Apr 20;714:136580. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136580. Epub 2020 Jan 10.
The efforts of many municipalities to demolish abandoned residential dwellings (ARDs) are hampered by the presence of asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) in these structures. However, the extent of such materials is unknown. Our study sought to characterize ACMs present in ARDs demolished in Detroit.
Working with the City of Detroit, we obtained information on all ARDs demolished from 2014 to 2017. We randomly sampled 605 ARDs and analyzed the presence, type, and amount of ACM present, and the associated abatement and demolition costs.
Asbestos was present in about 95% of the sampled ARDs. The most common types of ACMs were flooring, roofing, siding, and duct insulation. The material containing the greatest fraction of asbestos was duct insulation. The type of asbestos generally present was chrysotile. Only eight (1%) ARDs contained commercial amphibole asbestos; another 36 contained vermiculite. The total cost of demolition averaged $13,645 per home, of which 20.1% was asbestos abatement.
The majority of the ACM in the ARDs was nonfriable and consisted of chrysotile. This study contributes information about the nature and extent of ACM in ARDs, which can provide part of the foundation for making an assessment of possible asbestos-containing air emissions during the demolitions of ARDs, and the nature or extent of pre-demolition abatement that may be needed (if any) to protect the public's health.
许多城市在拆除废弃住宅（ARD）时，由于这些结构中存在含石棉材料（ACM）而受阻。然而，这些材料的范围尚不清楚。我们的研究旨在描述在底特律拆除的 ARD 中存在的 ACM。
与底特律市合作，我们获取了 2014 年至 2017 年拆除的所有 ARD 的信息。我们随机抽取了 605 个 ARD，并分析了存在的 ACM 的类型、数量，以及相关的治理和拆除成本。
大约 95%的抽样 ARD 中存在石棉。最常见的 ACM 类型是地板、屋顶、壁板和管道隔热材料。含石棉比例最大的材料是管道隔热材料。一般存在的石棉类型是温石棉。只有 8 个（1%）ARD 含有商业角闪石石棉；另有 36 个含有蛭石。拆除的平均每户房屋费用为 13645 美元，其中 20.1%是石棉治理费用。
ARD 中的大多数 ACM 是非脆性的，由温石棉组成。这项研究提供了关于 ARD 中 ACM 的性质和范围的信息，这可以为评估拆除 ARD 期间可能存在的含石棉空气排放物的性质或程度，以及拆除前可能需要（如果有）的治理措施的性质或程度提供部分依据，以保护公众健康。
