Graduate School of Business Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0012, Japan.
Education Research Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
Ther Innov Regul Sci. 2020 Sep;54(5):1047-1055. doi: 10.1007/s43441-020-00122-6. Epub 2020 Jan 27.
As of 2015, the Japanese pharmaceutical market was the world's third largest pharmaceutical market. Although previous studies have examined market differences in terms of market size and pricing policy, little is known about comparative market configurations. The present study provides a comparative analysis of pharmaceutical market configurations in Japan and five other markets.
Based on data for the 100 top-selling drugs in 2014 in Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the global market, we explored differences in market configurations using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, Lorenz curves, and Gini coefficients. We also investigated market trends by analyzing changes in sales, sales volume, and price.
The 100 top-selling drugs accounted for a lower share of the total market in Japan, France, and Germany as compared to the United States and the United Kingdom. The market deviation of the 100 top-selling drugs indicated by the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index and Gini coefficient was smallest in Japan. Sales of most of the top-100 drugs increased in all the countries studied; however, directional price changes differed by country and sales volume trend.
Our findings showed that market deviations in Japan were relatively low compared with those in other developed countries, suggesting that some of the more beneficial drugs in other developed countries obtain relatively fewer benefits from the Japanese pharmaceutical market, and some less beneficial drugs obtained more benefits.
截至 2015 年，日本的医药市场是全球第三大医药市场。尽管之前的研究已经考察了市场规模和定价政策方面的市场差异，但对于比较市场结构的研究却知之甚少。本研究对日本和其他五个市场的医药市场结构进行了比较分析。
基于 2014 年日本、美国、英国、法国、德国和全球市场上销售排名前 100 的药品数据，我们使用赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数、洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数探讨了市场结构的差异。我们还通过分析销售、销售量和价格的变化来研究市场趋势。
与美国和英国相比，日本、法国和德国的销售排名前 100 的药品占总市场的份额较低。赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数和基尼系数表示的销售排名前 100 药品的市场偏差在日本最小。在所研究的所有国家中，大多数前 100 种药品的销售额都有所增加；然而，价格变化的方向因国家和销售量趋势而异。
我们的研究结果表明，与其他发达国家相比，日本的市场偏差相对较低，这表明在其他发达国家更有益的一些药品在日本医药市场上获得的收益相对较少，而一些收益较低的药品获得的收益更多。
