Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA; email:
Annu Rev Immunol. 2020 Apr 26;38:421-453. doi: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-100219-020937. Epub 2020 Jan 28.
Foxp3-expressing CD4 regulatory T (Treg) cells play key roles in the prevention of autoimmunity and the maintenance of immune homeostasis and represent a major barrier to the induction of robust antitumor immune responses. Thus, a clear understanding of the mechanisms coordinating Treg cell differentiation is crucial for understanding numerous facets of health and disease and for developing approaches to modulate Treg cells for clinical benefit. Here, we discuss current knowledge of the signals that coordinate Treg cell development, the antigen-presenting cell types that direct Treg cell selection, and the nature of endogenous Treg cell ligands, focusing on evidence from studies in mice. We also highlight recent advances in this area and identify key unanswered questions.
Foxp3 表达的 CD4 调节性 T（Treg）细胞在预防自身免疫、维持免疫稳态方面发挥着关键作用，并且是诱导强大抗肿瘤免疫反应的主要障碍。因此，深入了解协调 Treg 细胞分化的机制对于理解健康和疾病的多个方面以及开发调节 Treg 细胞以获得临床益处的方法至关重要。在这里，我们讨论了协调 Treg 细胞发育的信号、指导 Treg 细胞选择的抗原呈递细胞类型以及内源性 Treg 细胞配体的性质的现有知识，重点介绍了来自小鼠研究的证据。我们还强调了该领域的最新进展，并确定了关键的未解决问题。
