Hall Michelle G, Dux Paul E
School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, McElwain Building, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2020 Jul;82(5):2630-2640. doi: 10.3758/s13414-020-01972-w.
Confidence is typically correlated with perceptual sensitivity, but these measures are dissociable. For example, confidence judgements are disproportionately affected by the variability of sensory signals. Here, in a preregistered study we investigate whether this signal variability effect on confidence can be attenuated with training. Participants completed five sessions where they viewed pairs of motion kinematograms and performed comparison judgements on global motion direction, followed by confidence ratings. In pre- and post-training sessions, the range of direction signals within each stimulus was manipulated across four levels. Participants were assigned to one of three training groups, differing as to whether signal range was varied or fixed during training, and whether or not trial-by-trial accuracy feedback was provided. The effect of signal range on confidence was reduced following training, but this result was invariant across the training groups, and did not translate to improved metacognitive insight. These results suggest that the influence of suboptimal heuristics on confidence can be mitigated through experience, but this shift in confidence estimation remains coarse, without improving insight into confidence estimation at the level of individual decisions.
信心通常与感知敏感性相关，但这些指标是可分离的。例如，信心判断受到感觉信号变异性的影响过大。在此，在一项预先注册的研究中，我们调查了这种信号变异性对信心的影响是否可以通过训练得到减弱。参与者完成了五个阶段，在这些阶段中他们观看运动运动学图对，并对整体运动方向进行比较判断，随后进行信心评级。在训练前和训练后的阶段，每个刺激内方向信号的范围在四个水平上进行了操纵。参与者被分配到三个训练组之一，这三个组在训练期间信号范围是变化还是固定，以及是否提供逐次试验的准确性反馈方面有所不同。训练后信号范围对信心的影响有所降低，但这一结果在各个训练组中是不变的，并且并没有转化为元认知洞察力的提高。这些结果表明，次优启发式对信心的影响可以通过经验得到减轻，但这种信心估计的转变仍然是粗略的，并没有在个体决策层面上改善对信心估计的洞察力。
