Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, 1301 Cecil B. Moore Avenue, Ritter Annex - 9th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
Curr Environ Health Rep. 2020 Jun;7(2):129-139. doi: 10.1007/s40572-020-00267-4.
Approximately 12% of the population in the US and Canada rely on federally unregulated private wells, which are common in rural areas and may be susceptible to microbiological and chemical contamination. This review identifies and summarizes recent findings on contaminants of emerging concern in well water across the US and Canada.
Private well water quality modeling is complicated by the substantial variability in contamination sources, well construction, well depth, and the hydrogeology of the environment surrounding the well. Temporal variation in contaminant levels in wells suggests the need for monitoring efforts with greater spatial and temporal coverage. More extensive private well monitoring will help identify wells at greater risk of contamination, and in turn, public health efforts can focus on education and outreach to improve monitoring, maintaining, and treating private wells in these communities. Community interventions need to be coupled with stricter regulations and financing mechanisms that can support and protect private well owners.
综述目的：在美国和加拿大，约有 12%的人口依赖于不受联邦监管的私人水井，私人水井在农村地区很常见，可能容易受到微生物和化学物质的污染。本综述在美国和加拿大各地的井水确定并总结了有关新兴关注污染物的最新发现。
**** 最近的发现：私人水井水质建模受到污染来源、水井结构、井深和水井周围环境水文地质的巨大变化的影响。井中污染物水平的时间变化表明需要进行具有更大空间和时间覆盖范围的监测工作。更广泛的私人水井监测将有助于确定污染风险更大的水井，反过来，公共卫生工作可以集中精力进行教育和外展，以改善这些社区的私人水井监测、维护和处理。社区干预措施需要与更严格的法规和融资机制相结合，这些法规和融资机制可以为私人水井所有者提供支持和保护。
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