The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stroke Rehabilitation and Brain Recovery, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
HERD. 2020 Jul;13(3):154-170. doi: 10.1177/1937586719901108. Epub 2020 Jan 29.
We aimed to examine the nature and extent of theory application in studies of built environment attributes and impact on adults in healthcare facilities. Many varied theories are described when providing the rationale for research into built environments in healthcare. Uncertainty exists around the right theory to frame a research question, alignment with measurement tools, and whether healthcare setting makes a difference. This poses challenges to researchers seeking to build the evidence base for built environment design that benefits patients and staff. Our multidisciplinary review team scoped the literature to determine how theories are used to inform research investigating the impact of the built environment of healthcare on adults. When researchers recorded theory at development of the study question, in data collection, and in data analysis/interpretation, we called this explicitly theory-based application. Synthesis occurred using a narrative approach. Overall, we found 17 diverse theories named in studies. Explicitly theory-based use occurred with eight theories, comprising 47% of all theories used. Five theories were named more frequently in studies out of all theories identified. In 20% of studies, theory was not used explicitly during the research inquiry. We argue that researchers must continue to strive toward explicit use of theories, similar to development of other health interventions that employ multifactorial components.
我们旨在研究建筑环境属性及其对医疗保健设施中成年人影响的研究中理论应用的性质和程度。在为医疗保健中的建筑环境研究提供理论依据时，描述了许多不同的理论。在构建研究问题的框架时，应选择何种理论、与测量工具的一致性以及医疗保健环境是否存在差异，这些都存在不确定性。这给寻求为有益于患者和员工的建筑环境设计建立证据基础的研究人员带来了挑战。我们的多学科审查小组对文献进行了研究，以确定理论如何用于告知研究医疗保健建筑环境对成年人的影响。当研究人员在研究问题的发展、数据收集和数据分析/解释中记录理论时，我们称之为明确的基于理论的应用。综合采用叙述性方法进行。总的来说，我们在研究中发现了 17 种不同的理论。明确基于理论的应用发生在 8 种理论中，占所有使用理论的 47%。在所有确定的理论中，有 5 种理论在研究中被更频繁地提及。在 20%的研究中，理论在研究过程中没有被明确使用。我们认为，研究人员必须继续努力明确使用理论，就像开发其他采用多因素成分的健康干预措施一样。
