School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
Biotechnol J. 2020 Jun;15(6):e1900344. doi: 10.1002/biot.201900344. Epub 2020 Feb 24.
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is mainly used in food fermentation. In addition, LAB fermentation technology has been studied in the development of industrial food additives, nutrients, or enzymes used in food processing. In the field of red biotechnology, LAB is approved and is generally recognized as a safe organism and is considered safe for biotherapeutic treatments. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the medicinal value of therapeutic recombinant LAB and the suitability of innate mechanisms of secretion and anchoring for therapeutic applications such as antibody or vaccine production. However, the gram-positive phenotypic trait of LAB creates challenges for genetic modifications when compared to other conventional workhorse bacteria, resulting in exclusive developments of genetic tools for engineering LAB. In this review, several distinct approaches in gene expression for engineering LAB are discussed.
乳酸菌（LAB）主要用于食品发酵。此外，LAB 发酵技术已应用于工业食品添加剂、营养素或酶的开发，用于食品加工。在红色生物技术领域，LAB 已获得批准，被普遍认为是一种安全的生物体，可用于生物治疗。最近的临床试验表明，治疗性重组 LAB 具有药用价值，且 LAB 的固有分泌和锚定机制适合用于治疗性应用，如抗体或疫苗生产。然而，与其他传统工程菌相比，LAB 的革兰氏阳性表型特征给遗传修饰带来了挑战，导致专门开发了用于工程 LAB 的遗传工具。在这篇综述中，讨论了用于工程 LAB 的几种不同的基因表达方法。
