Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet, 1, CH-1211, Geneva, 14, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet, 1, CH-1211, Geneva, 14, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
J Mol Biol. 2020 May 29;432(12):3680-3699. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.01.018. Epub 2020 Jan 26.
Most organisms adapt to the 24-h cycle of the Earth's rotation by anticipating the time of the day through light-dark cycles. The internal time-keeping system of the circadian clocks has been developed to ensure this anticipation. The circadian system governs the rhythmicity of nearly all physiological and behavioral processes in mammals. In this review, we summarize current knowledge stemming from rodent and human studies on the tight interconnection between the circadian system and metabolism in the body. In particular, we highlight recent advances emphasizing the roles of the peripheral clocks located in the metabolic organs in regulating glucose, lipid, and protein homeostasis at the organismal and cellular levels. Experimental disruption of circadian system in rodents is associated with various metabolic disturbance phenotypes. Similarly, perturbation of the clockwork in humans is linked to the development of metabolic diseases. We discuss recent studies that reveal roles of the circadian system in the temporal coordination of metabolism under physiological conditions and in the development of human pathologies.
大多数生物体通过光-暗循环来预测一天中的时间，从而适应地球自转的 24 小时周期。昼夜节律时钟的内部计时系统就是为了确保这种预测而发展起来的。昼夜节律系统控制着哺乳动物几乎所有生理和行为过程的节奏。在这篇综述中，我们总结了来自啮齿动物和人类研究的最新知识，这些研究强调了昼夜节律系统与体内代谢之间的紧密联系。特别是，我们强调了最近的进展，这些进展强调了位于代谢器官中的外周时钟在调节葡萄糖、脂质和蛋白质在机体和细胞水平上的动态平衡方面的作用。在啮齿动物中，昼夜节律系统的实验性破坏与各种代谢紊乱表型有关。同样，时钟紊乱与代谢疾病的发展有关。我们讨论了最近的研究，这些研究揭示了昼夜节律系统在生理条件下代谢的时间协调以及人类病理学发展中的作用。
