School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, USA.
J Sports Sci. 2020 Mar;38(6):607-611. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1721231. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
Hot water immersion, known as a hot bath, is used by MMA athletes to produce rapid weight loss (RWL) by means of passive fluid loss. This study investigated the magnitude of body mass losses using a standardized hot bath protocol with or without the addition of salt. In a crossover design, eleven male MMA athletes (28.5 ± 4.6 y; 1.83 ± 0.07 m; 82.5 ± 9.1 kg) performed a 20-min immersion at 37.8°C followed by a 40-min wrap in a warm room. This bath and wrap was performed twice per visit. During one visit, only fresh water was used (FWB), and in the other visit, magnesium sulphate (1.6% wt/vol) was added to the bath (SWB). Prior to each visit, 24 h of carbohydrate, fibre, and fluid restriction was undertaken as part of the RWL protocol. Body mass losses induced by the hot bath protocols were 1.63 ± 0.75 kg and 1.60 ± 0.80 kg for FWB and SWB, respectively, and equivalent to ~2.1% body mass. Under the conditions employed, the magnitude of body mass loss in SWB was similar to FWB. However, further research should explore bathing in a temperature that is consistent with that habitually used by fighters, and/or higher concentrations of salt.
热水浸泡，又称热水浴，被 MMA 运动员用于通过被动液体流失来快速减重 (RWL)。本研究调查了使用标准化热水浴方案（加盐或不加盐）导致的体重损失程度。在交叉设计中，11 名男性 MMA 运动员（28.5 ± 4.6 岁；1.83 ± 0.07 米；82.5 ± 9.1 公斤）在 37.8°C 的水中浸泡 20 分钟，然后在温暖的房间中用热布包裹 40 分钟。每次访问都会进行两次这种沐浴和包裹。在一次访问中，只使用淡水 (FWB)，而在另一次访问中，向浴水中添加硫酸镁 (1.6%wt/vol) (SWB)。在每次访问之前，根据 RWL 方案限制 24 小时的碳水化合物、纤维和液体摄入。热水浴方案引起的体重损失分别为 1.63 ± 0.75 公斤和 1.60 ± 0.80 公斤，相当于约 2.1%的体重。在采用的条件下，SWB 的体重损失程度与 FWB 相似。然而，进一步的研究应该探索在与运动员习惯使用的温度一致的情况下沐浴，和/或使用更高浓度的盐。
