Liu Jie, Lei Qiuxia, Li Fuwei, Zhou Yan, Gao Jinbo, Liu Wei, Han Haixia, Cao Dingguo
Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, China.
Front Genet. 2020 Jan 10;10:1308. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01308. eCollection 2019.
Skeletal muscle development and growth are closely associated with efficiency of poultry meat production and its quality. We performed whole transcriptome profiling based on RNA sequencing of breast muscle tissue obtained from Shouguang chickens at embryonic days (E) 12 and 17 to post-hatching days (D) 1, 14, 56, and 98. A total of 9,447 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered ( < 0.01, fold change > 2). Time series expression profile clustering analysis identified five significantly different expression profiles that were divided into three clusters. DEGs from cluster I with downregulated pattern were significantly enriched in cell proliferation processes such as cell cycle, mitotic nuclear division, and DNA replication. DEGs from cluster II with upregulated pattern were significantly enriched in metabolic processes such as glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, insulin signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and biosynthesis of amino acids. DEGs from cluster III, with a pattern that increased from E17 to D1 and then decreased from D1 to D14, mainly contributed to lipid metabolism. Therefore, this study may help us explain the mechanisms underlying the phenotype that myofiber hyperplasia occurs predominantly during embryogenesis and hypertrophy occurs mainly after birth at the transcriptional level. Moreover, lipid metabolism may contribute to the early muscle development and growth. These findings add to our knowledge of muscle development in chickens.
骨骼肌的发育和生长与禽肉生产效率及其品质密切相关。我们基于对寿光鸡在胚胎期第12天和第17天以及孵化后第1天、第14天、第56天和第98天获取的胸肌组织进行RNA测序，开展了全转录组分析。共筛选出9447个差异表达基因（DEGs）（<0.01，变化倍数>2）。时间序列表达谱聚类分析确定了五个显著不同的表达谱，分为三个簇。来自簇I且呈下调模式的DEGs在细胞增殖过程如细胞周期、有丝分裂核分裂和DNA复制中显著富集。来自簇II且呈上调模式的DEGs在代谢过程如糖酵解/糖异生、胰岛素信号通路、钙信号通路和氨基酸生物合成中显著富集。来自簇III的DEGs呈现从胚胎期第17天到孵化后第1天增加然后从孵化后第1天到第14天减少的模式，主要参与脂质代谢。因此，本研究可能有助于我们在转录水平上解释肌纤维增生主要发生在胚胎期而肥大主要发生在出生后的表型背后的机制。此外，脂质代谢可能有助于早期肌肉的发育和生长。这些发现增加了我们对鸡肌肉发育的认识。
