Department of Sport Sciences, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Educational Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Menopause. 2020 Feb;27(2):230-237. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001441.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between daily physical activity (daily activities, exercise, and sitting time), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and body composition (body mass index [BMI], waist to hip ratio [WHR)] with menopausal symptoms and to determine the strongest predictor(s) of menopausal symptoms.
The Menopause Rating Scale questionnaire was used to examine somatic, psychological, urogenital, and total symptoms of menopause. The energy expenditure of daily physical activity, exercise, and sitting time was measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and CRF was measured by estimating the maximal oxygen intake (VO2max) through the Rockport test. Statistical methods of the Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple linear regression were used for data analysis.
Fifty-six women, aged 50 to 65 years, voluntarily participated in the study. Exercise energy expenditure was inversely correlated with total (r = -0.403, P = 0.002), somatic (r = -0.293, P = 0.023), and urogenital (r = -0.343, P = 0.009) symptoms of menopause. VO2max was inversely correlated with urogenital symptoms of menopause (r = -0.414, P = 0.002). WHR was positively correlated with somatic symptoms of menopause (r = 0.286, P = 0.032); sitting was correlated with total (r = 0.40, P = 0.002), somatic (r = 0.325, P = 0.015), and psychological (r = 0.274, P = 0.015) symptoms of menopause. Among the study variables, sitting (β=0.365, P = 0.004) and VO2max (β=-0.286, P = 0.030) were the most important predictors of total symptoms of menopause; sitting was the predictor of somatic symptoms (β=0.265, P = 0.045), and VO2max was the predictor of urogenital symptoms of menopause (β=-0.332, P = 0.014). The inclusion of age, BMI, WHR, and duration of menopause as confounding variables in regression analysis did not change the findings related to the predictions of menopausal symptoms.
Reducing sitting time, improving VO2max, decreasing WHR, and exercise can be recommended by priority to alleviate menopausal symptoms. Considering the small number of participants in this investigation, future studies are, however, recommended.
本研究旨在探讨日常体力活动（日常活动、运动和坐姿时间）、心肺功能（CRF）和身体成分（体重指数 [BMI]、腰臀比 [WHR]）与绝经症状之间的关系，并确定绝经症状的最强预测因素。
采用绝经评定量表问卷检测绝经的躯体、心理、泌尿生殖和总体症状。日常体力活动、运动和坐姿时间的能量消耗通过国际体力活动问卷进行测量，CRF 通过 Rockport 测试估计最大摄氧量（VO2max）来测量。数据分析采用 Pearson 相关系数和分层多元线性回归统计方法。
56 名年龄在 50 至 65 岁之间的女性自愿参加了这项研究。运动能量消耗与绝经的总症状（r=-0.403，P=0.002）、躯体症状（r=-0.293，P=0.023）和泌尿生殖症状（r=-0.343，P=0.009）呈负相关。VO2max 与泌尿生殖系统的绝经症状呈负相关（r=-0.414，P=0.002）。WHR 与绝经的躯体症状呈正相关（r=0.286，P=0.032）；坐姿与总症状（r=0.40，P=0.002）、躯体症状（r=0.325，P=0.015）和心理症状（r=0.274，P=0.015）呈正相关。在研究变量中，坐姿（β=0.365，P=0.004）和 VO2max（β=-0.286，P=0.030）是绝经总症状的最重要预测因素；坐姿是躯体症状的预测因素（β=0.265，P=0.045），VO2max 是绝经泌尿生殖系统症状的预测因素（β=-0.332，P=0.014）。将年龄、BMI、WHR 和绝经持续时间作为混杂变量纳入回归分析，并没有改变与预测绝经症状相关的发现。
减少坐姿时间、提高 VO2max、降低 WHR 和运动可以作为缓解绝经症状的优先推荐措施。然而，考虑到这项研究的参与者人数较少，建议未来进行更多研究。
