Gacek Maria Krystyna, Wojtowicz Agnieszka, Kosiba Grażyna, Majer Magdalena, Gradek Joanna, Czerwińska-Ledwig Olga
Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, University of Physical Education, Kraków, Poland.
Department of Psychology, University of Physical Education, Kraków, Poland.
Prz Menopauzalny. 2024 Sep;23(3):117-126. doi: 10.5114/pm.2024.143478. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
The aim of the study is to assess changes in body mass index (BMI), functional fitness, satisfaction with and quality of life among women 60+ years after participating in a 9-month organised health training programme.
Research on a group of 74 women aged 60-83 years (M = 67.8; SD = 5.1) was conducted twice, at the beginning and after 9 months of the health training programme (90 minutes, twice a week). The following tools were used in the research: SECA model 764 device, Fullerton functional fitness test, the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire, and the satisfaction with life scale. Calculations were performed using the Statistica 13.1 program, via Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients as well as Student's -test for dependent measurements and the Wilcoxon paired test. Interactive repeated measures analysis of variance was also used. The assumed level of significance was α = 0.05.
Comparing the results before and after implementing the health training programme, it was found that the average BMI value decreased ( < 0.001), while the functional fitness indicators, including the tests: 30-second chair stand ( < 0.001), 30-second arm curl ( < 0.001), back scratch ( = 0.001) and two-minute step-in-place ( = 0.002), increased. Between the first and second measurement, differences in quality of life profiles were also demonstrated, with 3 aspects of quality of life intensifying (somatic, psychological, and environmental), the psychological aspect increasing the most.
The obtained results confirmed the positive impact of the 9-month health training programme on the BMI, functional fitness, and quality of life of women above the age of 60 years.
本研究旨在评估60岁及以上女性在参加为期9个月的有组织健康训练计划后，其体重指数（BMI）、身体功能适应性、生活满意度和生活质量的变化。
对一组74名年龄在60 - 83岁（M = 67.8；SD = 5.1）的女性进行了两次研究，一次在健康训练计划开始时，另一次在9个月后（每周两次，每次90分钟）。研究中使用了以下工具：SECA 764型设备、富勒顿身体功能适应性测试、世界卫生组织生活质量问卷以及生活满意度量表。使用Statistica 13.1程序进行计算，通过皮尔逊和斯皮尔曼相关系数以及用于相关测量的学生t检验和威尔科克森配对检验。还使用了交互式重复测量方差分析。设定的显著性水平为α = 0.05。
比较实施健康训练计划前后的结果发现，平均BMI值下降（< 0.001），而身体功能适应性指标，包括测试：30秒坐立试验（< 0.001）、30秒弯臂试验（< 0.001）、背部伸展试验（= 0.001）和两分钟原地踏步试验（= 0.002）有所增加。在第一次和第二次测量之间，生活质量概况也显示出差异，生活质量的3个方面有所增强（身体、心理和环境），其中心理方面增加最多。
所得结果证实了为期9个月的健康训练计划对60岁以上女性的BMI、身体功能适应性和生活质量具有积极影响。
