Wehrman Jordan J, Kaplan David M, Sowman Paul F
Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2020 Mar;204:103016. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103016. Epub 2020 Jan 27.
Many aspects of an event can change perceived duration. A common example of this is the magnitude-duration illusion, in which a high magnitude (e.g. large or high value) stimulus will be perceived to last longer than a low magnitude stimulus. The effects of magnitude on perceived duration are normally considered in terms of global context effects; what is large depends on the stimuli used throughout the experiment. In the current article, we examine local context effects in the magnitude-duration illusion, how trial-by-trial changes in magnitude affect the subjective duration of an event. We performed two experiments in which numerical magnitude and stimulus size were varied within either the example phase or reproduction phase of a temporal reproduction task. We showed that in the current trial the combined value-size magnitude presented in the example phase affected subsequent reproductions, while the magnitude presented in the reproduction phase did not. The size magnitude presented in the reproduction phase also affected the reproduction in the following trial, such that a larger stimulus in the current reproduction phase resulted in shorter reproductions in the next reproduction phase. This indicates that low level stimulus properties (i.e. size) can act to contextualize subsequent stimulus properties, which in turn affect perceived duration. The findings of our experiments add local, low-level, context effects to the known modifiers of perceived duration, as well as provide evidence with regards to the role of magnitude in interval timing.
事件的许多方面都可能改变人们对持续时间的感知。一个常见的例子是量值-持续时间错觉，即高强度（如大的或高价值的）刺激会被感知为比低强度刺激持续的时间更长。量值对感知持续时间的影响通常是从全局背景效应的角度来考虑的；什么是大的取决于整个实验中所使用的刺激。在本文中，我们研究了量值-持续时间错觉中的局部背景效应，即量值的逐次试验变化如何影响事件的主观持续时间。我们进行了两项实验，在时间再现任务的示例阶段或再现阶段内改变数字量值和刺激大小。我们发现，在当前试验中，示例阶段呈现的组合值-大小量值会影响后续的再现，而再现阶段呈现的量值则不会。再现阶段呈现的大小量值也会影响下一次试验中的再现，即当前再现阶段中较大的刺激会导致下一次再现阶段中再现时间缩短。这表明低水平的刺激属性（即大小）可以对后续的刺激属性进行情境化，进而影响感知持续时间。我们实验的结果在已知的感知持续时间调节因素中增加了局部的、低水平的背景效应，同时也为量值在间隔计时中的作用提供了证据。
