Departments of Orthopaedics and Family & Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Department of Athletic Medicine, University Health Services, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey.
Clin J Sport Med. 2020 Mar;30(2):e61-e87. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000817.
The American Medical Society for Sports Medicine convened a panel of experts to provide an evidence-based, best practices document to assist sports medicine physicians and other members of the athletic care network with the detection, treatment, and prevention of mental health issues in competitive athletes. This statement discusses how members of the sports medicine team, including team physicians, athletic trainers, and mental health providers, work together in providing comprehensive psychological care to athletes. It specifically addresses psychological factors in athletes including personality issues and the psychological response to injury and illness. The statement also examines the athletic culture and environmental factors that commonly impact mental health, including sexuality and gender issues, hazing, bullying, sexual misconduct, and transition from sport. Specific mental health disorders in athletes, such as eating disorders/disordered eating, depression and suicide, anxiety and stress, overtraining, sleep disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, are reviewed with a focus on detection, management, the effect on performance, and prevention. This document uses the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) to grade level of evidence.
美国运动医学学会召集了一个专家小组，提供了一份基于证据的最佳实践文件，以帮助运动医学医生和其他运动护理网络成员检测、治疗和预防竞技运动员的心理健康问题。本声明讨论了运动医学团队的成员，包括队医、运动训练师和心理健康提供者，如何共同为运动员提供全面的心理关怀。它特别涉及运动员的心理因素，包括人格问题和对伤害和疾病的心理反应。该声明还研究了常见影响心理健康的运动文化和环境因素，包括性和性别问题、欺凌、性不当行为以及从运动中过渡。运动员的特定心理健康障碍，如饮食失调/饮食紊乱、抑郁和自杀、焦虑和压力、过度训练、睡眠障碍和注意缺陷/多动障碍，也进行了审查，重点是检测、管理、对表现的影响和预防。本文件使用推荐分级的强度（SORT）来分级证据水平。
