Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht 41635-1314, Iran.
Escuela Técnica Superior Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Campus Universitario, Albacete E-02071, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Apr 1;711:134694. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134694. Epub 2019 Nov 22.
This study evaluates the effects of land use and soil management on a combination of physico-chemical, biological and hydrological properties of soil, in order to assess its quality. Three land uses were selected at the Fuman area, near Masouleh (Iran), grouping soils covered by tea, garden crops and rice. A total of 24 soil samples (3 land uses × 4 replications × 2 soil layers, topsoil and sub-surface soil) was collected; microbial respiration, available water, stability of soil aggregates, pH, organic matter, cation exchange capacity and nutrient content (P, K, N, Mg and Ca) were determined in each land use/soil layer. In comparison with other land uses, garden showed the highest available water, aggregate stability, microbial respiration, nutrient contents and cation exchange capacity, whereas the latter three soil properties had the lowest values in soils covered by tea and rice crops. Based on these results, under the experimental conditions garden had the highest soil quality among the investigated land uses. Conversely, much caution must be paid to some soil properties of tea and rice crops, such as cation exchange capacity, microbial respiration and nutrient contents, which are the lowest among the investigated land uses. Moreover, the differences in the analysed soil properties between the two soil sampling depths were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Finally, a Principal Component Analysis clearly clustered soils covered by garden, tea and rice crops in three differentiated groups according to the sampled soil properties. This study provides a contribution in understanding the variability of soil properties under different land uses, indicating that some of these properties must be considered with caution, in order to avoid a decay of soil health.
本研究评估了土地利用和土壤管理对土壤理化性质、生物学和水文性质的综合影响，以评估其质量。在伊朗马苏莱附近的富曼地区选择了三种土地利用方式，分别是茶园、园林作物和稻田，对土壤进行分组。共采集了 24 个土壤样本（3 种土地利用×4 个重复×2 个土壤层，表土和亚表层土）；在每种土地利用/土壤层中，测定了微生物呼吸、有效水、土壤团聚体稳定性、pH 值、有机质、阳离子交换量和养分含量（P、K、N、Mg 和 Ca）。与其他土地利用方式相比，园林表现出最高的有效水、团聚体稳定性、微生物呼吸、养分含量和阳离子交换量，而茶园和稻田覆盖的土壤的后三个土壤性质具有最低的值。根据这些结果，在实验条件下，园林在调查的土地利用方式中具有最高的土壤质量。相反，对于茶园和稻田作物的一些土壤性质，如阳离子交换量、微生物呼吸和养分含量，必须非常小心，因为这些性质在调查的土地利用方式中是最低的。此外，两个土壤采样深度之间分析的土壤性质差异在统计学上是显著的（p<0.05）。最后，主成分分析清楚地将茶园、稻田和园林覆盖的土壤聚类为三个不同的组，根据采样的土壤性质。本研究为了解不同土地利用方式下土壤性质的可变性提供了贡献，表明其中一些性质必须谨慎考虑，以避免土壤健康的恶化。
