Haahr-Pedersen Ida, Perera Camila, Hyland Philip, Vallières Frédérique, Murphy David, Hansen Maj, Spitz Pernille, Hansen Pernille, Cloitre Marylène
Trinity Centre for Global Health, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
The Danish Children Centre for the Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2020 Jan 10;11(1):1708618. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2019.1708618. eCollection 2020.
: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been identified as an important public health problem with serious implications. Less well understood is how distinct configurations of childhood adversities carry differential risks for mental health, emotional, and social outcomes later in life. : To determine if distinct profiles of childhood adversities exist for males and females and to examine if unique associations exist between the resultant latent profiles of childhood adversities and multiple indicators of mental health and social and emotional wellbeing in adulthood. : Participants ( = 1,839) were a nationally representative household sample of adults currently residing in the USA and the data were collected via online self-report questionnaires. Latent class analysis was used to identify the optimal number of classes to explain ACE co-occurrence among males and females, separately. ANOVAs, chi-square tests, and t-tests were used to compare male and female classes across multiple mental health, emotional, and social wellbeing variables in adulthood. : Females were significantly more likely than males to report a range of ACEs and mental health, social, and emotional difficulties in adulthood. Two- and four-class models were identified as the best fit for males and females, respectively, indicating more complexity and variation in ACE exposures among females. For males and female, ACEs were strongly associated with poorer mental health, emotional, and social outcomes in adulthood. Among females, growing up in a dysfunctional home environment was a significant risk factor for adverse social outcomes in adulthood. : Males and females have distinct patterns of childhood adversities, with females experiencing more complex and varied patterns of childhood adversity. These patterns of ACEs were associated with numerous negative mental, emotional, and social outcomes among both sexes.
童年不良经历（ACEs）已被认定为一个具有严重影响的重要公共卫生问题。然而，对于童年时期不同类型的逆境如何在成年后对心理健康、情绪和社会结果产生不同风险，人们的了解还较少。
目的是确定男性和女性是否存在不同的童年逆境类型，并检验童年逆境的潜在类型与成年后心理健康、社会和情绪幸福感的多个指标之间是否存在独特的关联。
参与者（n = 1839）是目前居住在美国的具有全国代表性的成年家庭样本，数据通过在线自我报告问卷收集。潜在类别分析用于分别确定解释男性和女性ACEs共现的最佳类别数量。方差分析、卡方检验和t检验用于比较成年后男性和女性在多个心理健康、情绪和社会幸福感变量上的类别差异。
成年后，女性比男性更有可能报告一系列的ACEs以及心理健康、社会和情绪方面的困难。分别确定两类和四类模型最适合男性和女性，这表明女性在ACE暴露方面更为复杂和多样。对于男性和女性而言，ACEs与成年后较差的心理健康、情绪和社会结果密切相关。在女性中，在功能失调的家庭环境中成长是成年后出现不良社会结果的一个重要风险因素。
男性和女性具有不同的童年逆境模式，女性经历的童年逆境模式更为复杂和多样。这些ACEs模式与两性的众多负面心理、情绪和社会结果相关。
