Matilda Ayim-Akonor, Juergen May, Krumkamp Ralf, Timm Harder, Eva Mertens
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Animal Health and Food safety, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Animal Research Institute, Accra, Ghana.
Infect Ecol Epidemiol. 2019 Dec 14;9(1):1698904. doi: 10.1080/20008686.2019.1698904. eCollection 2019.
For an analysis of the prevalence of influenza A viruses (IAVs) circulating in chickens and their farmers in the Ashanti region, Ghana, we examined 2,400 trachea and cloaca swabs (chickens) and 102 oropharyngeal swabs (farmers) by qRT-PCR. Sera from 1,200 (chickens) and 102 (farmers) were analysed for IAV antibodies by ELISA and haemagglutination inhibition (HI). Avian influenza virus (AIV) was detected in 0.2% (n = 5) of chickens but not farmers. Virus detection was more pronounced in the cloacal (n = 4, 0.3%) than in tracheal swabs (n = 1, 0.1%). AIV antibodies were not detected in chickens. Two farmers (2.0%) tested positive to human seasonal IAV H1N1pdm09. Sixteen (15.7%) farmers tested seropositive to IAV of which 68.8% (n = 11) were due to H1N1pdm09-specific antibodies. AIV H5- or H7-specific antibodies were not detected in the farmers. Questionnaire evaluation indicated the rare usage of basic personal protective equipment by farmers when handling poultry. In light of previous outbreaks of zoonotic AIV in poultry in Ghana the open human-animal interface raises concern from a OneHealth perspective and calls for continued targeted surveillance.
为分析加纳阿散蒂地区鸡群及其养殖户中流行的甲型流感病毒（IAV）的流行情况，我们通过qRT-PCR检测了2400份气管和泄殖腔拭子（鸡）以及102份口咽拭子（养殖户）。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和血凝抑制试验（HI）分析了1200份鸡血清和102份养殖户血清中的IAV抗体。在0.2%（n = 5）的鸡中检测到禽流感病毒（AIV），但在养殖户中未检测到。泄殖腔拭子中的病毒检出率（n = 4，0.3%）高于气管拭子（n = 1，0.1%）。在鸡中未检测到AIV抗体。两名养殖户（2.0%）的人类季节性IAV H1N1pdm09检测呈阳性。16名（15.7%）养殖户的IAV血清学检测呈阳性，其中68.8%（n = 11）是由于H1N1pdm09特异性抗体所致。在养殖户中未检测到AIV H5或H7特异性抗体。问卷调查评估表明，养殖户在处理家禽时很少使用基本的个人防护装备。鉴于加纳此前在家禽中爆发的人畜共患AIV疫情，从“同一健康”的角度来看，这种开放的人畜接触界面令人担忧，需要继续进行有针对性的监测。
