认知衰弱表型的流行情况及其在社区居住的老年人群中的相关因素。

Prevalence of Cognitive Frailty Phenotypes and Associated Factors in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Population.

机构信息

Dr Zhuowei Yu, Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, and Research Center of Aging and Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 221 West Yan An Road, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China, Tel: 86-21-62483180 Fax: 86-21-62484981 Email:

出版信息

J Nutr Health Aging. 2020;24(2):172-180. doi: 10.1007/s12603-019-1286-7.

DOI:10.1007/s12603-019-1286-7

PMID:32003407

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Cognitive frailty was notable target for the prevention of adverse health outcomes in future. The goal of this study was to use a population-based survey to investigate cognitive frailty phenotypes and potentially sociodemographic factors in elderly Chinese individuals.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional study.

SETTING

General community.

PARTICIPANTS

A total of 5328 elderly adults (aged 60 years or older, mean age 71.36 years) enrolled in the Shanghai study of health promotion for elderly individuals with frailty.

MEASUREMENTS

The 5-item FRAIL scale and the 3-item Rapid Cognitive Screen tools were used to assess physical frailty and cognitive impairment, including dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Physical frailty was diagnosed by limitations in 3 or more of the FRAIL scale domains and pre-physical frailty by 1-2 limitations. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and pre-MCI SCD, was diagnosed with two self-report measures based on memory and other cognitive domains in elderly adults.

RESULTS

Of the participating individuals, 97.17% (n= 5177, female 53.4%) were eligible. Notably, 9.67%, 41.61% and 35.20% of participants were MCI, SCD and pre-MCI SCD; 35.86% and 4.41% exhibited physical pre-frailty and frailty; and 19.86% and 6.30% exhibited reversible and potential reversible cognitive frailty. Logistic regression analyses indicated that physical frailty phenotypes were significantly associated with MCI with SCD, and pre-MCI with SCD. Older single females with a high education level were more likely to exhibit the reversible cognitive frailty; and younger elderly individuals with a middle education level were at lower risk for potentially reversible cognitive frailty.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of pre-physical and reversible cognitive frailty was high in elderly individuals and age was the most significant risk factor for all types of frailty phenotypes. To promote the rapid screening protocol of cognitive frailty in community-dwelling elderly is important to find high-risk population, implement effective intervention, and decrease adverse prognosis.

摘要

目的

认知衰弱是未来预防不良健康结果的重要目标。本研究旨在使用基于人群的调查来研究认知衰弱表型，并探讨中国老年人中潜在的社会人口因素。

设计

横断面研究。

地点

一般社区。

参与者

共有 5328 名老年人（年龄 60 岁或以上，平均年龄 71.36 岁）参加了上海衰弱老年人健康促进研究。

测量方法

使用 5 项 FRAIL 量表和 3 项快速认知筛查工具评估身体衰弱和认知障碍，包括痴呆或轻度认知障碍（MCI）。身体衰弱通过 3 个或更多 FRAIL 量表领域的限制来诊断，而前身体衰弱通过 1-2 个限制来诊断。主观认知下降（SCD）和前 MCI SCD 通过基于老年人记忆和其他认知领域的两项自我报告措施来诊断。

结果

在参加的个体中，97.17%（n=5177，女性 53.4%）符合条件。值得注意的是，9.67%、41.61%和 35.20%的参与者患有 MCI、SCD 和前 MCI SCD；35.86%和 4.41%表现出身体前衰弱和衰弱；19.86%和 6.30%表现出可逆和潜在可逆认知衰弱。逻辑回归分析表明，身体衰弱表型与 MCI 伴有 SCD 和前 MCI 伴有 SCD显著相关。高学历的单身老年女性更有可能出现可逆性认知衰弱；而中等教育水平的年轻老年人患潜在可逆性认知衰弱的风险较低。