Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
NTNU Social Research, Trondheim, Norway.
Pediatr Res. 2020 Jul;88(1):110-116. doi: 10.1038/s41390-020-0768-y. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
It is well established that reduced sleep has detrimental effects on school-aged children's functioning, but the prevalence and stability of objectively measured insufficient sleep throughout childhood is unknown.
A sample of 799 children was followed biennially with 24-h 7-day accelerometer (hip-placed) measurements from ages 6 to 12 years. Insufficient sleep was conceptualized as sleeping <7 h on average (AIS) and as the number of nights with <7 h of sleep (NNIS).
The prevalence of AIS ranged from 1.1% to 13.6%. Of those without AIS, 15.1-64.5% had >1 NNIS. At ages 6-10 years, NNIS was higher on weekend nights, but at age 12 years NNIS was lower on weekends (18.1%) compared to weekdays (23.4%). The stability of AIS was low from ages 6 to 8 years and from 8 to 10 years, but increased from age 10 to 12 years, whereas NNIS evidenced higher stability, increasing sharply through late middle childhood.
The prevalence of AIS was low during the preschool and early school years but increased toward preadolescence. The 2-year stability of insufficient sleep was very low when conceptualized as AIS and moderate when defined as NNIS, hence NNIS might be more sensitive than AIS. Insufficient sleep appears transient in middle childhood and thus might not warrant intervention unless it fosters impairment and endures.
众所周知，睡眠不足会对学龄儿童的身体机能产生不利影响，但目前尚不清楚整个儿童期通过客观测量得到的睡眠不足的流行率和稳定性。
对 799 名儿童进行了为期两年的随访，使用 7 天 24 小时加速度计（臀部放置）在 6 至 12 岁之间进行测量。睡眠不足的概念是平均睡眠时间<7 小时（AIS）和<7 小时的睡眠时间的夜间数（NNIS）。
AIS 的患病率为 1.1%-13.6%。在没有 AIS 的人群中，有 15.1%-64.5%的人有>1 个 NNIS。在 6-10 岁时，周末夜间的 NNIS 较高，但在 12 岁时，周末的 NNIS（18.1%）低于工作日（23.4%）。从 6 岁到 8 岁，从 8 岁到 10 岁，AIS 的稳定性较低，但从 10 岁到 12 岁，AIS 的稳定性增加，而 NNIS 的稳定性则较高，在整个童年后期急剧增加。
AIS 的患病率在学龄前和小学早期较低，但在青春期前增加。当将 AIS 定义为睡眠不足的 2 年稳定性时，其稳定性非常低，而当将 NNIS 定义为睡眠不足的 2 年稳定性时，其稳定性适中，因此 NNIS 可能比 AIS 更敏感。在儿童中期，睡眠不足似乎是短暂的，因此除非它导致损伤并持续存在，否则可能不需要干预。
