Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic la Fe, Valencia, Avda. de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2020 Feb;22(2):187-192. doi: 10.1007/s12094-020-02302-0. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
Cancer is one of the major public health problems in our society. It is estimated that more than 18 million new cases are diagnosed worldwide every year; 280,000 in Spain. Incidence in following a growing trend. This epidemic could be controlled with research into new treatments and, above all, with adequate prevention. Primary prevention could prevent avoid up to half of all cases. For many others, secondary prevention is essential, as it make diagnosis possible in the stages of the disease when it is easily curable. These guidelines present the scientific evidence regarding secondary prevention in tumors in which its use is well-accepted: breast, cervical, colorectal, prostate, lung, ovarian, melanoma, and gastric cancer.
癌症是我们社会面临的主要公共卫生问题之一。据估计，全世界每年新诊断出的病例超过 1800 万例，在西班牙则有 28 万例。发病率呈上升趋势。这种流行病可以通过研究新的治疗方法来控制，尤其是通过适当的预防。初级预防可以预防所有病例的一半以上。对于许多其他癌症，二级预防是至关重要的，因为它可以在疾病易于治愈的阶段进行诊断。本指南介绍了在已被广泛接受使用的肿瘤的二级预防方面的科学证据：乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌、肺癌、卵巢癌、黑色素瘤和胃癌。
