UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Kaupinpuistonkatu 1, FI-33500, Tampere, Finland.
Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
BMC Geriatr. 2020 Feb 1;20(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-1428-0.
Exercise interventions focusing on balance and strength training have been shown to be effective for falls prevention. The aim of this 20-year register-based follow-up was to examine whether long-term participation in recreational female gymnastics is associated with a lower risk of medically-attended injurious falls.
Health care register data of 187 women (103 recreational gymnasts and 84 sedentary controls) from the original cohort of 243 women were assessed. The mean age (sd) at baseline was 62.8 (5.4) years and the mean follow-up time was 19.4 (2.7) years (range from 5.6 to 21.0 years). Injurious falls were scrutinized from medical records. An injurious fall was defined as an event in which falling was mentioned as a reason for making contact with health-care professionals. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) for injurious falls, and Cox-regression models for calculating hazard ratios (HR) for injured fallers with the control group as reference.
Recreational gymnasts had about 30% less injurious falls compared to controls, the mean IRR (95% CI) being 0.71 (0.51 to 0.96). The HR for injured fallers was 0.73 (0.52 to 1.02) favoring the recreational gymnasts. There were no statistically significant between-group differences for fractures.
Long-term recreational gymnastics appears to reduce the risk of injurious falls in old age.
针对平衡和力量训练的运动干预已被证明可有效预防跌倒。本项为期 20 年的基于登记的随访研究旨在探究长期参与女性娱乐性体操是否与较低的医疗性受伤跌倒风险相关。
对 243 名女性原始队列中 187 名女性（103 名娱乐性体操运动员和 84 名久坐不动对照者）的医疗登记数据进行评估。基线时的平均年龄（标准差）为 62.8（5.4）岁，平均随访时间为 19.4（2.7）年（范围 5.6-21.0 年）。从医疗记录中仔细检查受伤性跌倒。受伤性跌倒定义为跌倒被列为与医疗保健专业人员联系的原因的事件。使用负二项式回归估计受伤性跌倒的发病率比（IRR），使用 Cox 回归模型计算受伤跌倒者的风险比（HR），并以对照组为参照。
与对照组相比，娱乐性体操运动员受伤性跌倒的发生率低约 30%，平均 IRR（95%CI）为 0.71（0.51-0.96）。受伤跌倒者的 HR 为 0.73（0.52-1.02），有利于娱乐性体操运动员。两组之间骨折无统计学显著差异。
长期参与娱乐性体操似乎可降低老年人受伤性跌倒的风险。
