Ferrer Pastor M, Iñigo Huarte V, Juste Díaz J, Goiri Noguera D, Sogues Colom A, Cerezo Durá M
Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
Rehabilitacion (Madr). 2020 Jan-Mar;54(1):51-62. doi: 10.1016/j.rh.2019.06.006. Epub 2019 Dec 20.
Spasticity is a motor disorder characterised by an increase in muscle tone that appears as a consequence of a central nervous system disorder, leading to deficit and disability and impairing quality of life. In acquired adult brain damage, spasticity is a severe and frequent problem, appearing in 20-30% of patients with stroke and in 13-20% of patients with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. The main objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the treatments used in spasticity in adult patients with acquired brain damage secondary to stroke and head trauma. A systematic search of randomised controlled trials, published between January 1, 2013 and June 30, 2017 in English and Spanish, was carried out in the PubMed, Cochrane plus Library and Ovid databases. We finally selected 17 studies, with methodological quality that was at least acceptable according to the Jadad scale. The most frequently investigated treatments are botulinum toxin, especially serotype A, together with rehabilitative measures. Clinical scales are the most frequently used to assess spasticity.
痉挛是一种运动障碍，其特征为肌张力增加，这是中枢神经系统紊乱的结果，会导致功能缺陷和残疾，并损害生活质量。在成人后天性脑损伤中，痉挛是一个严重且常见的问题，在20%至30%的中风患者以及13%至20%的中重度创伤性脑损伤患者中出现。本研究的主要目的是对中风和头部创伤继发的成人后天性脑损伤患者痉挛的治疗方法进行系统评价。在PubMed、Cochrane plus Library和Ovid数据库中，对2013年1月1日至2017年6月30日期间以英文和西班牙文发表的随机对照试验进行了系统检索。我们最终选择了17项研究，根据Jadad量表，其方法学质量至少是可接受的。研究最频繁的治疗方法是肉毒杆菌毒素，尤其是A型血清型，以及康复措施。临床量表是评估痉挛最常用的方法。
