Sheng Lina, Shen Xiaoye, Ulloa Oscar, Suslow Trevor V, Hanrahan Ines, Zhu Mei-Jun
School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Jan 14;10:3128. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03128. eCollection 2019.
Recent multistate outbreaks and recalls of fresh apples due to contamination have increased consumer concerns regarding fresh and processed apple safety. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of two sanitizers, mineral oxychloride (JC9450) and neutral electrolyzed water (NEW), for inactivation of on fresh apples. A 2-min treatment of 0.125% (v/v) JC9450 with 100 ppm free available chlorine (FAC) or NEW with 110 ppm FAC caused 0.9-1.2 log CFU/apple reduction of on both Granny Smith and Fuji apples 24 h post-inoculation. Increasing JC9450 concentration to 0.25 and 0.50% significantly improved its bactericidal effect and reduced on Granny Smith apples by ~2.0 and 3.8 log CFU/apple, respectively, after a contact time of 2 min. At a shorter contact time of 30 sec, the inactivation efficacy of chlorine and 0.25-0.50% JC9450 against on apples was significantly reduced compared with the respective 2-min wash. Furthermore, no was recovered in deionized water prepared antimicrobial wash solution or on non-inoculated apples post-NEW with 110 ppm FAC or 0.125-0.5% JC9450 washes, indicating their ability to prevent cross-contamination. In addition, a 2-min exposure to NEW with 110 ppm FAC and 0.50% JC9450 reduced apple native microbiota including total plate count by 0.14 and 0.65 log CFU/apple, respectively, and yeast and mold counts by 0.55 and 1.63 log CFU/apple, respectively. In summary, attached on apples was difficult to eliminate. JC9450 and NEW demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in on apples and successfully prevented cross-contamination, indicating their application potential in post-harvest washes of apples.
近期因污染导致的多州新鲜苹果疫情爆发和召回事件增加了消费者对新鲜苹果和加工苹果安全性的担忧。本研究旨在评估两种消毒剂，即氧氯化物（JC9450）和中性电解水（NEW）对新鲜苹果上的[具体微生物名称未给出]的灭活效果。用含100 ppm游离有效氯（FAC）的0.125%（v/v）JC9450或含110 ppm FAC的NEW处理2分钟，在接种后24小时，使澳洲青苹和富士苹果上的[具体微生物名称未给出]数量每苹果减少0.9 - 1.2 log CFU。将JC9450浓度提高到0.25%和0.50%，在接触2分钟后，显著提高了其杀菌效果，使澳洲青苹上的[具体微生物名称未给出]数量分别减少约2.0和3.8 log CFU/苹果。在30秒的较短接触时间下，与各自2分钟的冲洗相比，氯和0.25 - 0.50% JC9450对苹果上[具体微生物名称未给出]的灭活效果显著降低。此外，在用含110 ppm FAC的NEW或0.125 - 0.5% JC9450冲洗后，在制备的去离子水抗菌冲洗溶液中或未接种的苹果上均未检测到[具体微生物名称未给出]，表明它们能够防止交叉污染。此外，用含110 ppm FAC的NEW和0.50% JC9450处理2分钟，分别使苹果原生微生物群包括总平板计数每苹果减少0.14和0.65 log CFU，酵母和霉菌计数每苹果分别减少0.55和1.63 log CFU。总之，附着在苹果上的[具体微生物名称未给出]难以消除。JC9450和NEW对苹果上的[具体微生物名称未给出]表现出剂量依赖性的减少，并成功防止了交叉污染，表明它们在苹果采后清洗中的应用潜力。
