Torres Anaëlle, Dalzon Bastien, Collin-Faure Véronique, Rabilloud Thierry
Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Metals, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA IRIG-LCBM, 38000 Grenoble, France.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Jan 27;10(2):215. doi: 10.3390/nano10020215.
Synthetic amorphous silica is used in various applications such as cosmetics, food, or rubber reinforcement. These broad uses increase human exposure, and thus the potential risk related to their short- and long-term toxicity for both consumers and workers. These potential risks have to be investigated, in a global context of multi-exposure, as encountered in human populations. However, most of the in vitro research on the effects of amorphous silica has been carried out in an acute exposure mode, which is not the most relevant when trying to assess the effects of occupational exposure. As a first step, the effects of repeated exposure of macrophages to silica nanomaterials have been investigated. The experiments have been conducted on in vitro macrophage cell line RAW264.7 (cell line from an Abelson murine leukemia virus-induced tumor), as this cell type is an important target cell in toxicology of particulate materials. The bioaccumulation of nanomaterials and the persistence of their effects have been studied. The experiments carried out include the viability assay and functional tests (phagocytosis, NO and reactive oxygen species dosages, and production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines) using flow cytometry, microscopy and spectrophotometry Accumulation of silica nanoparticles (SiO NP) was observed in both exposure scenarii. However, differences in the biological effects between the exposure scenarii have also been observed. For phagocytosis, NO production and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) release, repeated exposure tended to induce fewer effects than acute exposure. Nevertheless, repeated exposure still induces alterations in the macrophage responses and thus represents a scenario to be tested in detail
合成无定形二氧化硅被用于各种应用，如化妆品、食品或橡胶增强。这些广泛的用途增加了人类接触，从而增加了与它们对消费者和工人的短期和长期毒性相关的潜在风险。在人类群体中遇到的多暴露全球背景下，必须对这些潜在风险进行调查。然而，大多数关于无定形二氧化硅影响的体外研究都是在急性暴露模式下进行的，而这在试图评估职业暴露的影响时并非最相关的情况。作为第一步，已经研究了巨噬细胞反复暴露于二氧化硅纳米材料的影响。实验是在体外巨噬细胞系RAW264.7（源自艾贝尔逊鼠白血病病毒诱导肿瘤的细胞系）上进行的，因为这种细胞类型是颗粒材料毒理学中的重要靶细胞。已经研究了纳米材料的生物积累及其影响的持续性。所进行的实验包括使用流式细胞术、显微镜和分光光度法进行的活力测定和功能测试（吞噬作用、一氧化氮和活性氧剂量以及促炎和抗炎细胞因子的产生）。在两种暴露情况下均观察到二氧化硅纳米颗粒（SiO NP）的积累。然而，在暴露情况之间的生物学效应也观察到了差异。对于吞噬作用、一氧化氮产生和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）释放，反复暴露往往比急性暴露诱导的效应更少。尽管如此，反复暴露仍然会诱导巨噬细胞反应的改变，因此代表了一种需要详细测试的情况
