State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, Beijing 100083, China.
College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 29;17(3):845. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030845.
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants that exist in different environmental media. Because of their wide range and large potential environmental hazards, they have attracted widespread attention in recent years. At present, the research on MP is mostly concentrated on the water ecosystems, and the impact on soil ecosystems is less studied. In this study, 12 typical soil samples from southeastern suburbs of Baoding city were investigated and characterized by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) combined with mass high resolution mode and positive and negative ion imaging mode. Four types of MPs, poly (propylene) (PP), poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), and poly (amide 6) (PA6), were quickly identified, of which PET and PA6 accounted for the largest proportion of both up to 30.2%; the particle size of the obtained MPs ranged from 0 to 35 μm, of which the proportion of <10 μm MPs was more than 26.3%, while that of 20-25 μm and 25-35 μm MPs was relatively small (17.83% and 9.3%, respectively). Risk assessment results of the MP in the soil showed that the risk level of MPs in the non-ferrous metal industrial parks and in concentrated with small workshops areas is relatively high, and attention should be paid to such areas. In addition, the study provides a reference method for the investigation and risk assessment of MPs in terrestrial soils, coastal beaches, and sediments.
微塑料（MPs）是新兴的污染物，存在于不同的环境介质中。由于其广泛的分布范围和巨大的潜在环境危害，近年来引起了广泛关注。目前，MP 的研究主要集中在水生态系统中，对土壤生态系统的影响研究较少。本研究采用飞行时间二次离子质谱（TOF-SIMS）结合质高分辨率模式和正负离子成像模式，对保定市东南部 12 个典型土壤样品进行了调查和特征分析。快速鉴定出 4 种类型的 MPs，分别是聚（丙烯）（PP）、聚（氯乙烯）（PVC）、聚（对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯）（PET）和聚（酰胺 6）（PA6），其中 PET 和 PA6 的比例最大，均达到 30.2%；获得的 MPs 的粒径范围为 0 至 35μm，其中<10μm MPs 的比例超过 26.3%，而 20-25μm 和 25-35μm MPs 的比例相对较小（分别为 17.83%和 9.3%）。土壤中 MP 的风险评估结果表明，在有色金属工业园区和集中小作坊区，MP 的风险水平相对较高，应注意这些区域。此外，该研究为陆地土壤、沿海滩涂和沉积物中 MPs 的调查和风险评估提供了参考方法。
