College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Mar 1;810:152174. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152174. Epub 2021 Dec 9.
Microplastic (MPs) is a new type of environmental pollutant that has been widely detected in recent years. It is one of the main environmental problems faced by the global ecosystem and has attracted widespread attention. However, few studies have focused on the occurrence and distribution of MPs in agroecosystems. Therefore, Qinghai Province, a typical northwest region of China, was selected as the research area to study the distribution characteristics of MPs in agricultural soils in the low-altitude areas. The results indicated that MPs were detected in all soil samples. The abundance of MPs in agricultural soils in Qinghai Province ranged from 240 to 3660 items·kg. MPs with size less than 0.5 mm dominated, accounting for 50% of the total MPs. The main types of MPs were film and fiber, accounting for 67% and 29% respectively. It was proved that the use of mulching film and sewage irrigation are the main sources of MPs, and the recovery and treatment of agricultural waste can reduce MPs pollution. At the same time, the spatial distribution characteristics of MPs in the soil of Qinghai Province were analyzed, and the results showed that the heavily polluted areas of MPs were mainly concentrated in the densely populated areas in the east of the province. In addition, the influence of altitude on MPs abundance was investigated, and there was a negative correlation between altitude and MPs abundance, and ultraviolet light may accelerate the aging and degradation of MPs. This study revealed the distribution characteristics of farmland soil pollution in typical northwest China, and provided an important theoretical basis for the subsequent study of MPs in agricultural ecosystems.
微塑料（MPs）是近年来广泛检出的一种新型环境污染物，是全球生态系统面临的主要环境问题之一，受到广泛关注。然而，目前针对 MPs 在农业生态系统中赋存与分布的研究较少。因此，选择中国典型西北省份青海省作为研究区域，研究了低海拔地区农田土壤中 MPs 的分布特征。结果表明，所有土壤样品中均检出 MPs。青海省农田土壤中 MPs 的丰度范围为 240～3660 个·kg，其中粒径小于 0.5 mm 的 MPs 占比 50%，是主要的 MPs 存在形态；MPs 的主要类型为薄膜和纤维，分别占比 67%和 29%。研究证实，使用地膜和污水灌溉是 MPs 的主要来源，对农业废弃物进行回收和处理可以减少 MPs 污染。同时，还分析了青海省农田土壤中 MPs 的空间分布特征，结果表明 MPs 污染严重的区域主要集中在省内人口密集的东部地区。此外，还研究了海拔对 MPs 丰度的影响，结果表明海拔与 MPs 丰度呈负相关，紫外线可能会加速 MPs 的老化和降解。该研究揭示了典型中国西北农田土壤污染的分布特征，为后续农业生态系统中 MPs 的研究提供了重要的理论依据。
