Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, 116 North Murray, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, 216 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2020 Mar;285:112784. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112784. Epub 2020 Feb 1.
Individuals with suicidal ideation (SI), demonstrate an association between suicide-related information and the self that is automatic and outside conscious control (i.e., implicit). However, it is unclear whether this implicit bias is a state-like processes that will resolve with the reduction of SI or whether it is more trait-like and enduring. Given that implicit bias has been proposed as an indirect measurement of SI, understanding its dynamic nature is important. To investigate this, we recruited 79 (22 with a history of, but no current, SI; 57 with no lifetime history of SI) young adults who completed a structured interview assessing current and past SI. Participants also completed the Suicide Affect Misattribution Procedure assessing implicit association with suicide-relevant, negative but not suicide relevant, positive, and neutral stimuli. Participants with a history of SI demonstrated greater implicit bias for suicide compared to participants with no lifetime history, but did not significantly differ in their responses to negative, positive, or neutral stimuli. This indicates that suicide-relevant implicit bias may be a trait-like process that endures after resolution of SI. This has important implications for the conceptualization of cognitive bias in suicide and the use of these biases as implicit markers of SI.
具有自杀意念（SI）的个体表现出自杀相关信息与自我之间的自动且不受意识控制的关联（即内隐）。然而，目前尚不清楚这种内隐偏差是一种状态性的过程，随着 SI 的减少而消除，还是更具特质性和持久性。鉴于内隐偏差已被提议作为 SI 的间接测量，了解其动态性质很重要。为了研究这一点，我们招募了 79 名年轻人（22 名有但目前没有 SI 病史，57 名没有 SI 病史），他们完成了一项结构化访谈，评估当前和过去的 SI。参与者还完成了自杀情感归因程序，评估对自杀相关的、消极但与自杀不相关的、积极和中性刺激的内隐联想。有 SI 病史的参与者表现出比没有终生 SI 病史的参与者更强的自杀相关内隐偏差，但对消极、积极或中性刺激的反应没有显著差异。这表明，自杀相关的内隐偏差可能是一种特质性的过程，在 SI 解决后仍然存在。这对自杀认知偏差的概念化以及将这些偏差用作 SI 的内隐标志物具有重要意义。
