Département d'Agronomie et d'Amélioration des Plantes, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, km. 10, Route Haj Kaddour, B.P. S/40, 50001, Meknès, Morocco.
Laboratoire d'analyse et modélisation des écosystèmes continentaux, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, B.P. 1796, 3003, Fez, Morocco.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Apr;27(12):13215-13226. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-07893-3. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
This study explored the effects of two hydro- and osmo-priming durations (8 and 16 h) on growth and yield components of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) under water stress. The pot experiment, performed under a rain shelter, consisted of 9 treatments replicated five times: unprimed seeds as control (C), hydro-primed seeds (T0), osmo-primed seeds in 10, 20, and 30% PEG-6000 (T1, T2, and T3, respectively). Severe water stress was applied for 12 days to all treatments at the beginning of the flowering stage. Statistical analysis revealed a very highly significant positive effect (p < 0.01) by all treatments on sunflower seed germination compared with the control. Moreover, primed seeds improved significantly for all growth parameters and yield components, but no significant differences were observed according to either priming technique or duration. The highest value of germination capacity, for fresh and dry biomasses, was obtained with PEG-primed seeds at 10% for 16 h. The grain number per anthodium and grain yield per plant from primed seeds were higher than those in the control (1.9- to 2.5-fold and 2.8- to 3.3-fold respectively). Under conditions of water stress, the proline content in primed plants was significantly higher than that in unprimed ones, with the exception of T3 treatment primed for 8 h. Soluble sugars and chlorophyll contents increased significantly with all applied treatments compared with the control. The study showed that the applied priming treatments improved germination characteristics in particular and increased growth and yield components for sunflowers under drought stress conditions.
本研究探讨了两种水和渗透预浸时长（8 小时和 16 小时）对水分胁迫下向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）生长和产量构成的影响。在雨棚下进行的盆栽实验包括 9 种处理，重复 5 次：未预浸种子作为对照（C）、水预浸种子（T0）、分别在 10%、20%和 30%PEG-6000 中渗透预浸的种子（T1、T2 和 T3）。在开花期开始时，所有处理均经历了 12 天的严重水分胁迫。统计分析显示，与对照相比，所有处理对向日葵种子发芽均有非常显著的正向影响（p<0.01）。此外，预浸种子对所有生长参数和产量构成均有显著提高，但根据预浸技术或时长未观察到显著差异。PEG 预浸种子在 10%时长 16 小时时，获得了最高的发芽能力、鲜重和干重生物量。从预浸种子获得的每头状花序的粒数和每株植物的粒产量均高于对照（分别为 1.9 至 2.5 倍和 2.8 至 3.3 倍）。在水分胁迫条件下，除 T3 处理预浸 8 小时外，预浸植株中的脯氨酸含量显著高于未预浸植株。与对照相比，所有处理的可溶性糖和叶绿素含量均显著增加。研究表明，所应用的预浸处理改善了发芽特性，并在干旱胁迫条件下增加了向日葵的生长和产量构成。
