Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 2020 Jun;65(3-4):343-352. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12417. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Decades of empirical work have confirmed that experiences with violence are associated with a variety of adverse behavioral and mental health as well as academic outcomes for children and adolescents. Yet this research largely has relied on indirect measures of exposure. In this study, we apply geospatial analysis to examine the relation between neighborhood violent crime (via police reports) and academic performance (via school-level standardized test proficiency rates). Findings suggest that greater numbers of crimes proximal to school buildings relate to lower levels of academic performance. These results persisted even when controlling economic disadvantage in the student body. Implications for research and policy are discussed.
几十年来的实证研究证实，儿童和青少年经历暴力会导致各种不良行为和心理健康问题，以及学业成绩不佳。然而，这项研究在很大程度上依赖于对暴露程度的间接衡量。在这项研究中，我们运用地理空间分析来检验邻里暴力犯罪（通过警方报告）与学业表现（通过学校层面的标准化考试熟练程度率）之间的关系。研究结果表明，学校建筑附近发生的犯罪案件越多，学生的学业表现水平越低。即使在控制了学生群体中的经济劣势后，这些结果仍然存在。讨论了对研究和政策的影响。
