Department of Nephrology/Clinical Research Support Office, Iizuka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence (CiRC2LE), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Apr 1;111(4):814-820. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa003.
Excessive salt intake is widely known to be a cause of hypertension, cardiovascular events, and so on. However, simple tools for screening excessive salt intake are lacking.
We aimed to develop a simple screening tool to identify community-dwelling adults with excessive salt intake.
The present study involved participants who received health check-ups in Fukushima, Japan, in 2016 and 2017. We defined data from the 2016 check-up as the derivation set, and data from those who received check-ups in 2017 but not 2016 as the validation set. The outcome measure was excessive salt intake, defined as the estimated daily salt intake of 1 SD or more. Candidate predictors associated with the outcome were extracted using the Delphi method by an expert panel and narrowed down with clinical expertise and stepwise backward selection. The screening tool was developed using a coefficient-based multivariable scoring method and externally validated.
A total of 1101 participants were included in the derivation set and 249 in the validation set. At the conclusion of the deviation process, 8 predictors were selected and scored. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for derivation and external validation were 0.70 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.74) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.80), respectively. The calibration slope and intercept for external validation were 1.16 and -0.03, respectively.
We developed a screening tool to identify adults with excessive salt intake. By extracting groups with excessive salt intake, target populations needing intervention for salt reduction can be highlighted efficiently.
众所周知，摄入过多的盐会导致高血压、心血管事件等。然而，缺乏简单的筛查工具来确定盐摄入量是否过高。
我们旨在开发一种简单的筛查工具，以识别社区中盐摄入量过高的成年人。
本研究纳入了 2016 年和 2017 年在日本福岛接受健康检查的参与者。我们将 2016 年的检查数据定义为推导集，而 2017 年接受检查但未在 2016 年接受检查的数据定义为验证集。结局指标是盐摄入量过高，定义为估计的每日盐摄入量超过 1 个标准差。使用专家小组的 Delphi 方法提取与结局相关的候选预测因子，并通过临床专业知识和逐步向后选择进行筛选。使用基于系数的多变量评分方法开发筛查工具，并进行外部验证。
共有 1101 名参与者被纳入推导集，249 名参与者被纳入验证集。在偏差过程结束时，选择并评分了 8 个预测因子。推导和外部验证的接收者操作特征曲线下面积分别为 0.70（95%CI：0.67，0.74）和 0.71（95%CI：0.62，0.80）。外部验证的校准斜率和截距分别为 1.16 和-0.03。
我们开发了一种用于识别盐摄入量过高的成年人的筛查工具。通过提取盐摄入量过高的人群，可以有效地突出需要进行盐摄入量减少干预的目标人群。
